Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (May 10-16, 2023)

Palestinians riot during the Israeli security force operation in Nablus (Wafa, May 14, 2023).

Palestinians riot during the Israeli security force operation in Nablus (Wafa, May 14, 2023).

The apartment used as a hideout by the wanted terrorists in the Balata refugee camp after the IEDs were detonated (Wafa, May 13, 2023).

The apartment used as a hideout by the wanted terrorists in the Balata refugee camp after the IEDs were detonated (Wafa, May 13, 2023).

The military funeral held for the two terrorists (PA national security services Telegram channel, May 13, 2023).

The military funeral held for the two terrorists (PA national security services Telegram channel, May 13, 2023).

The military funeral held for Ghazi Shehab (PA national security services Facebook page, May 12, 2023).

The military funeral held for Ghazi Shehab (PA national security services Facebook page, May 12, 2023).

The fishing zone reopened (Twitter account of photojournalist Hassan Aslih, May 14, 2023).

The fishing zone reopened (Twitter account of photojournalist Hassan Aslih, May 14, 2023).

Musheir al-Masri visits the northern Gaza Strip (Musheir al-Masri's Twitter account, May 15, 2023).

Musheir al-Masri visits the northern Gaza Strip (Musheir al-Masri's Twitter account, May 15, 2023).

Mahmoud Abbas at the UN General Assembly (Mahmoud Abbas' Facebook page, May 15, 2023).

Mahmoud Abbas at the UN General Assembly (Mahmoud Abbas' Facebook page, May 15, 2023).

The meeting marking the 21st anniversary of Marwan Barghouti's incarceration (Wafa, May 8, 2023).

The meeting marking the 21st anniversary of Marwan Barghouti's incarceration (Wafa, May 8, 2023).

  • This past week there a Palestinian tried to carry out a stabbing attack at the Shaked Crossing (west of Jenin); he was shot and killed by Border Police fighters. Israeli security forces continued counterterrorism activities, focusing on Nablus and Tulkarm. Several wanted Palestinians were detained, including two who had carried out a shooting attack in Hawwara on March 25 2023, in which two IDF soldiers were wounded. Six Palestinians were killed.
  • In preparation for Israel’s Jerusalem Day and the Flag March on May 18, 2023, Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) warned Israel not to cross “red lines” in al-Aqsa mosque, threatening that the next battle would be larger and not confined to the Gaza Strip. In recent years the Flag March has been a cause of friction between marchers and Palestinians, and in 2021 it was halted in the middle because rockets were fired at Jerusalem from the Gaza Strip.
  • Between May 9 and 13, 2023, Israel waged Operation Shield and Arrow in the Gaza Strip, which ended with an Egyptian-brokered ceasefire. Palestinian terrorist organization operatives in the Gaza Strip, primarily from the PIJ, fired 1,469 rockets and mortar shells at Israel, 1,131 falling inside Israeli territory. Seventeen hours after the ceasefire went into effect, as daily life returned to the Gaza Strip and the crossings were reopened, another rocket was fired at Israel. The joint operations room of the Palestinian organizations claimed it was the result of a “technical malfunction.”
  • On May 15, 2023, Palestinians marked Nakba Day[1] with various events in the Gaza Strip and Ramallah. For the first time, the UN General Assembly held a session to discuss the issue, at which Mahmoud Abbas gave a speech attacking Israel and demanding the United States and Britain take responsibility for the events of 1948. The Palestinian and Fatah leaderships responded favorably to the speech.
Attempted stabbing attack at the Shaked Crossing
  • On May 13, 2023, a Palestinian rode a bicycle to the Shaked Crossing on the Gilboa (west of Jenin). Holding a knife, he ran towards the Border Police fighters manning the crossing. He was shot and killed (Israeli media, May 13, 2023). The Palestinians reported he was Ahmed Muhammad Taysir Atatra, 33 years old, from the village of Ya’bad (west of Jenin) (Wafa and Shehab, May 13, 2023).
The knife used in the attempted stabbing attack (Israel Police Force, May 13, 2023).
The knife used in the attempted stabbing attack (Israel Police Force, May 13, 2023).
 The funeral held for Ahmed Atatra (palpostN Twitter account, May 13, 2023).     Ahmed Atatra (Wafa, May 13, 2023).
Right: Ahmed Atatra (Wafa, May 13, 2023). Left: The funeral held for Ahmed Atatra
(palpostN Twitter account, May 13, 2023).
  • PA Prime Minister Muhammad Shtayyeh claimed the “occupation” soldiers killed Palestinians on a daily basis without being held accountable (Wafa May 13, 2023).
Critical Terrorist Attacks in Judea and Samaria since May 2021[2]

Critical Terrorist Attacks in Judea and Samaria since May 2021

Counterterrorism Activities
  • This past week the Israeli security forces continued intensive counterterrorism activities in Judea and Samaria, detaining Palestinians suspected of involvement in terrorism and confiscating large quantities of weapons; activities were focused on the Nablus, Tulkarm and Jenin areas. Six Palestinians were killed.
Askar refugee camp in Nablus
  • On the night of May 14, 2023, IDF forces entered the Askar refugee camp to map the house of Khaled Kharousha for demolishing.[3] During the activity armed Palestinians shot at the forces, including shooting fireworks, and threw rocks and IEDs. The forces responded with riot-control measures and live fire. IDF vehicles were damaged (IDF Twitter account, May 15, 2023).
  • The ministry of health in Ramallah reported the death of Saleh Muhammad Saleh Sabra, 22 years old, from the Askar refugee camp in Nablus, who was shot by the Israeli security forces during an exchange of fire (Wafa, May 15, 2023). The Nablus Battalion of the Jerusalem Brigades, the PIJ’s military-terrorist wing, issued a mourning notice stating he was a PIJ operative in the Askar refugee camp (Nablus Battalion Telegram channel, May 15, 2023). He was given a military funeral; his body was wrapped for burial in a PIJ flag and had a Jerusalem Brigades headband (Wafa and the palpostN Twitter account, May 15, 2023).
Saleh Sabra's body wrapped for burial in a PIJ flag (palpostN Twitter account, May 15, 2023).      Saleh Sabra (Jinsafut municipality Facebook page, May 15, 2023).
Right: Saleh Sabra (Jinsafut municipality Facebook page, May 15, 2023). Left: Saleh Sabra’s body wrapped for burial in a PIJ flag (palpostN Twitter account, May 15, 2023).
Israel security force activity in the Old City of Nablus (the casbah)
  • On the morning of May 14, 2023, Israeli security forces operated in the casbah of Nablus to detain two Palestinian terrorists wanted for shooting and wounding two IDF soldiers in Hawwara on March 25, 2023. The forces surrounded their hideout and called on them to surrender. The two, Iyad Takrouri, 24 years old, and Musab Muzher, 21 years old, from the casbah, surrendered. An M-16 assault rifle, magazines and ammunition were found in the hideout (IDF spokesman’s Twitter account, May 14, 2023). During the activity Palestinians clashed with the forces (Wafa, May 14, 2023).
Palestinians riot during the Israeli security force operation in Nablus (Wafa, May 14, 2023).     The assault rifle found in the possession of the two Palestinian terrorists (IDF spokesman's Twitter account, May 14, 2023).
The assault rifle found in the possession of the two Palestinian terrorists (IDF spokesman’s Twitter account, May 14, 2023). Left: Palestinians riot during the Israeli security force operation in Nablus (Wafa, May 14, 2023).
Israeli security force activity in the Balata refugee camp in Nablus
  • On the morning of May 13, 2023, Israeli security forces operated in the Balata refugee camp in Nablus to detain wanted terrorists. The forces raided a building in the refugee camp which served as a hideout for several operatives who were planning to attack IDF forces and had manufactured IEDs and explosives. The IEDs found at the site were detonated by the forces, causing a fire. During the activity armed Palestinians shot at the forces and threw IEDs at them. The forces responded with riot dispersal measures and live fire; two armed Palestinians were killed. The forces confiscated weapons, IEDs and military equipment (IDF Twitter account, May 13, 2023).
Weapons seized during the activity in the Balata refugee camp (IDF Twitter account, May 13, 2023).
Weapons seized during the activity in the Balata refugee camp
(IDF Twitter account, May 13, 2023).
The apartment used as a hideout by the wanted terrorists in the Balata refugee camp after the IEDs were detonated (Wafa, May 13, 2023).     The apartment used as a hideout by the wanted terrorists in the Balata refugee camp after the IEDs were detonated (Wafa, May 13, 2023).
The apartment used as a hideout by the wanted terrorists in the Balata refugee camp after the IEDs were detonated (Wafa, May 13, 2023).
  • The ministry of health in Ramallah reported the deaths of Sa’ed Jihad Shakr Musha, 32 years old, and Wasim Adnan Yussuf al-Araj, 19 years old, both from the Balata refugee camp (ministry of health in Ramallah Facebook page, May 13, 2023). The al-Aqsa Martyrs’ Brigades (AAMB) issued a mourning notice for them, stating they were operatives in its Balata Battalion (AAMB Telegram channel, May 13, 2023). A military funeral was held for the two terrorists, attended by armed operatives who waved Fatah flags (PA national security services Telegram channel, May 13, 2023).
 AAMB mourning notice stating the two were Fatah operatives (Fatah bureau of handicapped operatives' affairs in the Jenin district's Facebook page (May 13, 2023).    Wasim al-Araj (Mahmoud Alfarra's Twitter account, May 13, 2023).
Right: Wasim al-Araj (Mahmoud Alfarra’s Twitter account, May 13, 2023). Left: AAMB mourning notice stating the two were Fatah operatives (Fatah bureau of handicapped operatives’ affairs in the Jenin district’s Facebook page (May 13, 2023).
 Armed operatives at the funeral and yellow Fatah flags (Jmedia Twitter account, May 13, 2023).  The military funeral held for the two terrorists (PA national security services Telegram channel, May 13, 2023).
Right: The military funeral held for the two terrorists (PA national security services Telegram channel, May 13, 2023). Left: Armed operatives at the funeral and yellow Fatah flags (Jmedia Twitter account, May 13, 2023).
  • Nabil Abu Rudeineh, spokesman for Mahmoud Abbas, claimed Israel had crossed every “red line” by continuing its “killing [of Palestinians] and invasions of Palestinian cities, towns and refugee camps.” He claimed the government of Israel was responsible for “serious crimes,” which he said would have an impact on regional stability. He also claimed the American administration was responsible for the deterioration of the situation because it was silent and did not take action to stop Israel’s activities (Wafa, May 13, 2023).
  • PA Prime Minister Muhammad Shtayyeh called on the UN for urgent intervention to stop the “slaughter” of Palestinians in the Gaza Strip, Judea and Samaria, and to enforce international resolutions regarding a boycott of Israel (Wafa, May 13, 2023).
  • Hamas said that Israel’s policy of killing and targeted killings in Judea, Samaria and the Gaza Strip would not stop or limit the “resistance” [anti-Israeli terrorist attacks] or Palestinians’ “firm stance,” and would only serve to increase their determination to continue their path to Jerusalem (Hamas website, May 13, 2023). The Palestinian Islamic Jihad in Judea and Samaria said that “the terrible crime” was a continuation of the “occupation’s terrible crimes” against the PIJ’s military leadership and the Palestinians in the Gaza Strip (PIJ website, May 13, 2023).
Israeli security force activity in the Nur Shams refugee camp
  • On the night of May 10, 2023, Israeli security forces operated in the Nur Shams refugee camp east of Tulkarm to detain wanted Palestinians. During the activity armed Palestinians shot at the forces and threw IEDs and Molotov cocktails them; an IDF soldier was wounded by gunfire (IDF Twitter account, May 11, 2023). The ministry of health in Ramallah reported the death of Ghazi Yussuf Mustafa Shehab, 66 years old (Wafa, May 11, 2023). He was an operative in the PA national security services (PA national security services Facebook page, May 12, 2023). He was known as one of the founders of the ribat [prolonged guard stay] of al-Aqsa mosque, especially during Ramadan (alresala.net, May 12, 2023). A military funeral was held for him (Quds Press, March 12, 2023).
 The military funeral held for Ghazi Shehab (PA national security services Facebook page, May 12, 2023).     Ghazi Shehab (Wafa, May 11, 2023).
Right: Ghazi Shehab (Wafa, May 11, 2023). Left: The military funeral held for Ghazi Shehab
(PA national security services Facebook page, May 12, 2023).
Activity in Qabatiya
  • Before dawn on May 10, 2023, Israeli security forces operated in Qabatiya (south of Jenin) to detain wanted Palestinians. During the activity the forces were attacked in a drive-by shooting. They returned fire, killing two Palestinians. An M-16 assault rifle and a handgun were found in the vehicle (IDF Twitter account, May 10, 2023).
The weapons found in the vehicle in Qabatiya (IDF Twitter account, May 10, 2023).
The weapons found in the vehicle in Qabatiya (IDF Twitter account, May 10, 2023).
  • The Palestinian media reported two Palestinians were killed during an exchange of fire with Israeli security forces in Qabatiya. They were Ahmed Jamal Tawfiq ‘Assaf, 19 years old from Qabatiya, and Rani Walid Ahmed Qatanat, 24 years old, from the Jenin refugee camp (Ma’an, May 10, 2023).
  • The PIJ in Judea and Samaria issued a mourning notice for them stating they were organization operatives (PIJ website, May 10. 2023). ‘Assaf belonged to the Qabatiya squad of the Jerusalem Brigades’ Jenin Battalion and Qatanat to the Jenin Battalion (Daffa_media Telegram channel, May 10, 2023). Their bodies were wrapped for burial in PIJ flags; dozens of armed operatives attended their funeral (QudsN Twitter account, May 10, 2023).
  • The PIJ in Judea and Samaria informed the “enemy” in an announcement that the response would come and it would be proportional to the “crimes” against the Palestinians and their jihad fighters (PIJ website, May 10, 2023). Hamas issued a mourning notice stating their blood would not have been shed in vain (Hamas website, May 10, 2023).
 Ahmed 'Assaf's body with a Jerusalem Brigades headband Jenin al-Qassam Telegram channel, May 10, 2023).    Rani Qatanat (at the right) (@abweadi216564 Twitter account, May 10, 2023).
Right: Rani Qatanat (at the right) (@abweadi216564 Twitter account, May 10, 2023). Left: Ahmed ‘Assaf’s body with a Jerusalem Brigades headband Jenin al-Qassam Telegram channel, May 10, 2023).
The funeral held for Ahmed 'Assaf and Rani Qatanat, both bodies wrapped for burial in PIJ flags (Jmedia Twitter account, May 10, 2023).
The funeral held for Ahmed ‘Assaf and Rani Qatanat, both bodies wrapped for burial in PIJ flags (Jmedia Twitter account, May 10, 2023).
  • On May 11, 2023, the death of Awas Jamal Hamamda Kamil, 30 years old, from Qabatiya, was reported (Wafa, May 11, 2023), who was wounded during the Israeli security force activity in Qabatiya (Wafa, May 10, 2023). According to Palestinian claims, Awas Hamamda, whose name was also reported as Awas Amin Hamamda (Facebook page of journalist Ali Samoudi, May 11, 2023), was allegedly on his way to open the supermarket where he worked when he was shot (Facebook page of journalist Eman Salawy, May 11, 2023). Fatah flags were hung in his house and Fatah issued a mourning notice for him (Shehab Twitter account, May 15, 2023).
The funeral held for Awas Hamamda. His body was wrapped for burial in a Palestinian flag (Wafa, May 11, 2023).      Awas Hamamda (Facebook page of journalist Eman Salawy, May 11, 2023).
Right: Awas Hamamda (Facebook page of journalist Eman Salawy, May 11, 2023). Left: The funeral held for Awas Hamamda. His body was wrapped for burial in a Palestinian flag (Wafa, May 11, 2023).
Palestinian preparations for Israel’s Jerusalem Day
  • On May 18, 2023, Israel’s Jerusalem Day, the traditional Flag March is expected to be held, its route passing through east Jerusalem. In recent years the march has been a source of friction and a target of violence. In 2021 it was halted halfway because Hamas fired rockets at Jerusalem (which initiated Operation Guardian of the Walls). The Palestinian population in the PA is being called on to go out into the streets en masse on for the morning prayer May 18, 2023 to prevent Israelis from entering the Temple Mount compound.
  • “Resistance [terrorist organization] sources” told the Lebanese daily newspaper al-Akhbar that although the issue of the Flag March in Jerusalem was not included in the ceasefire agreement, they were watching what happened in Jerusalem and were prepared to deal with any “provocation.” The “sources” added that the “resistance” was in constant contact with the mediators every event in Jerusalem. They claimed that during the PIJ’s recent talks with the Egyptians in Cairo they told the mediator that they intended to monitor what Israel was planning “against al-Aqsa mosque” and would not allow Israel to cross red lines. The Palestinian terrorist organizations also told the Egyptian mediator that they could initiate a new campaign to prevent a change in the status quo of al-Aqsa mosque, and warned that the campaign would be larger than Operation Shield and Arrow and not confined to the Gaza Strip (al-Akhbar, May 15, 2023).
  • Hamas spokesman Hazem Qassem called the Flag March part of the “Zionist entity’s religious war” against al-Aqsa mosque’s identity and Jerusalem’s Palestinian, Arab identity. He said the march and the entire effort to Judaize Jerusalem would not change the fact that it was Palestinian Arab city. He added that the campaign for the Islamic and Christian sacred sites was still ongoing (Dunia al-Watan, May 16, 2023).
Operation Shield and Arrow in the Gaza Strip[4]
  • Between May 9 and 13, 2023, Israel waged Operation Shield and Arrow in the Gaza Strip in response to massive PIJ rocket fire at Israel following the death of hunger striker Khader Adnan in an Israeli jail. The operation began with the targeted killings of three high-ranking PIJ terrorist operatives and ended at 10 p.m. on May 13, 2023, with the declaration of a ceasefire brokered by an Egyptian mediator.
  • During the round of fighting terrorist operatives in the Gaza Strip, primarily from the PIJ, fired 1,469 rockets and mortar shells at Israel, 1,131 of which fell in Israeli territory; 291 fell inside the Gaza Strip and 39 into the sea. The Iron Dome aerial defense system intercepted 437 rockets and two long-range rockets were intercepted by the David’s Sling aerial defense system (IDF spokesman, May 14, 2023). The IDF attacked 422 terrorist targets in the Gaza Strip; 33 Palestinians were killed and about 190 wounded. Two people were killed in Israel and several dozen were wounded while running to protected areas. Extensive property damage was reported.

Rocket fire from the Gaza Strip

  • On the evening of May 14, 2023, about 17 hours after the ceasefire was supposed to go into effect in the Gaza Strip, a rocket was fired at Israel and sirens were sounded in the area of the coastal city of Ashqelon and to its south. The rocket fell in an open area and the Iron Dome was not activated. In response the IDF attacked two Hamas posts in the northern Gaza Strip (Israeli media, May 14, 2023).
  • Al-Jazeera, quoting “a joint operations room source,” reported that the rocket fire was a “technical malfunction” and that the “resistance” confirmed its commitment to the ceasefire (al-Jazeera, May 14, 2023).
Monthly Distribution of Rocket and Mortar Shell Fire since July 2021

Monthly Distribution of Rocket and Mortar Shell Fire since July 2021

Annual Distribution of Rocket Hits since 2006

Annual Distribution of Rocket Hits since 2006

Reopening the crossings and the fishing zone
  • After the declaration of the ceasefire on May 13, 2023, General Ghassan Alian, the Israeli Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories (COGAT), announced the Erez and Kerem Shalom Crossings would be gradually, partially opened on Sunday, May 14, 2023, and the fishing zone off the coast of Gaza would be opened that morning. He said the full opening of the crossings would depend on security assessment (COGAT website, May 13, 2023).
 The fishing zone reopened (Twitter account of photojournalist Hassan Aslih, May 14, 2023).    Renewal of activity at the Kerem Shalom Crossing (Shehab Twitter account, May 14, 2023).
Right: Renewal of activity at the Kerem Shalom Crossing (Shehab Twitter account, May 14, 2023). Left: The fishing zone reopened (Twitter account of photojournalist Hassan Aslih, May 14, 2023).
  •   The Palestinian media reported that on the morning of May 14, 2023, life in the Gaza Strip returned to normal. Residents revisited the houses which had been destroyed to remove their belongings, and government offices and schools reopened. Mourning tents were erected throughout the Gaza Strip (al-Quds, May 14, 2023). The ministry of the interior in Gaza published pictures of life returning to normal (ministry of the interior in Gaza Facebook page, May 14 and 15, 2023).
Life goes back to normal (ministry of the interior in Gaza Facebook page, May 14 and 15, 2023).    Residents visit their houses to remove belongings (al-Quds, May 14, 2023).
Right: Residents visit their houses to remove belongings (al-Quds, May 14, 2023). Left: Life goes back to normal (ministry of the interior in Gaza Facebook page, May 14 and 15, 2023).
  •  On May 15, 2023, leading Hamas figure Musheir al-Masri headed a Hamas delegation to the northern Gaza Strip, where he met with residents whose houses had been destroyed. He promised Hamas would work with international agencies to repair the damage (Musheir al-Masri’s Twitter account, May 15, 2023).
Musheir al-Masri visits the northern Gaza Strip (Musheir al-Masri's Twitter account, May 15, 2023).
Musheir al-Masri visits the northern Gaza Strip
(Musheir al-Masri’s Twitter account, May 15, 2023).
Statements
  • After the operation, Abu Hamza, PIJ military-terrorist wing spokesman, published a photographed statement claiming Israel had tried to claim victory by shedding the blood of the organization’s commanders. Therefore, he claimed, the response on the ground implemented the “new tactic” of turning the center of Israel into the site closest to the Gaza Strip. He claimed Israel’s targeted killings were useless because immediately after the commanders’ deaths they appointed new ones to replace them. He claimed they had fired rockets at the Greater Tel Aviv area, at Jerusalem, and “hundreds of rockets” at cities “deep inside Israel,” and had put new targets within rocket range (Jerusalem Brigades’ Telegram channel, May 14, 2023).
  • Esmail Ghaani, commander of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps’ (IRGC) Qods Force, sent a communiqué to the Palestinians, the families in the Gaza Strip and the Palestinian terrorist organizations manning the joint operations room to congratulate them on the “victory of the free men’s revenge operation.” He said the jihad fighters throughout the land of “Palestine” in Jerusalem, Judea and Samaria had proved that the “dawn of victory was near.” He claimed the commanders of the joint operations room had again proved they were capable of “breaking and overcoming the force of Israel.” He said Iran would stand with the Palestinian people and their “brave resistance” to strengthen the “resistance axis” [Iran, Hezbollah, Syria and the Palestinian terrorist organizations] until the Zionist entity was uprooted from the land of ‘Palestine’ “ (al-Mayadeen, May 14, 2023).
Ziyad al-Nakhalah meets with the deputy secretary general of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)
  • Ziyad al-Nakhalah, PIJ secretary general, met in Beirut with Jamil Muzaher, the PFLP’s deputy secretary general, who headed a delegation of the organization’s leadership. They all expressed their esteem for the conduct of the population in the Gaza Strip during the operation, and said the coordination and integration of the organizations’ military wings would continue (PFLP website, May 16, 2023). The PFLP’s military-terrorist wing actively participated in firing rockets during Operation Shield and Arrow and five of its operatives were killed.
Al-Nakhalah meets with Muzaher (PFLP website, May 16, 2023).
Al-Nakhalah meets with Muzaher (PFLP website, May 16, 2023).
Hussein al-Sheikh visits Russia
  • Hussein al-Sheikh, secretary of the PLO’s Executive Committee, paid a formal visit to Russia, where he met with Sergey Lavrov, the Russian foreign minister (Hussein al-Sheikh’s Twitter account, May 11, 2023). According to reports, they discussed the situation in the Middle East, including the chances of making progress in Israeli-Palestinian negotiations. They renewed their mutual interest in strengthening bilateral Russian-Palestinian relations and cooperating in international and regional issues. Hussein al-Sheikh also met with Mikhail Bogdanov, the deputy foreign minister, and with Putin’s envoy to the Middle East and Africa (Russian foreign ministry website in Arabic, May 11, 2023).
Hussein al-Sheikh meets with the Russian foreign minister (Hussein al-Sheikh's Twitter account, May 11, 2023).
Hussein al-Sheikh meets with the Russian foreign minister
(Hussein al-Sheikh’s Twitter account, May 11, 2023).
Nakba Day events
  •  On May 15, 2023, the Palestinians marked the 75th anniversary of the nakba with marches, demonstrations and other activities. In the PA activities began with a press conference held in front of Yasser Arafat’s grave in Ramallah. PA Prime Minister Muhammad Shtayyeh claimed Israel was “a colonial entity which the Western countries established for the sake of their own interests on the ruins of 531 destroyed Palestinian settlements.” He again noted they would not waive their fundamental national principles and would continue their “struggle” until they achieved “freedom, independence, a Palestinian state with Jerusalem as its capital and the refugees’ [so-called] right of return” (Wafa, May 15, 2023).
Press conference in front of Arafat's grave (Wafa, May 15, 2023).
Press conference in front of Arafat’s grave (Wafa, May 15, 2023).
  • The main march and rally were held in Ramallah, attended by the PA, PLO and Fatah leadership. Fatah deputy chairman Mahmoud al-‘Aloul gave a speech in which he said the Palestinians were prepared to pay a high price for their freedom, independence and full rights. He claimed that the “slaughter” which began in 1948 was clearly an Israeli attempt to decide the conflict by force, using its air force, killing and scare tactics. However, he claimed, that would be impossible because the Palestinians, whose young people compete with each other to die as martyrs and defend the “homeland,” had no option but the “resistance” [terrorism] and a “firm stance” (Wafa, May 15, 2023).
 The march in Ramallah and Mahmoud al-'Aloul giving a speech (Wafa, May 15, 2023).    The march in Ramallah and Mahmoud al-'Aloul giving a speech (Wafa, May 15, 2023).
The march in Ramallah and Mahmoud al-‘Aloul giving a speech (Wafa, May 15, 2023).
  • In the Gaza Strip a demonstration of the National and Islamic Forces was held in front of UNESCO headquarters and a speech was given by Imad al-Agha, from Fatah. During the demonstration a memorandum was transmitted to the UN representative noting that the “right of return” was a “sacred historic and legal right, both personal and collective” (Chinese news agency Xinhua, May 15, 2023).
The demonstration in the Gaza Strip (al-'Ahad website, May 15, 2023).
The demonstration in the Gaza Strip (al-‘Ahad website, May 15, 2023).
Mahmoud Abbas speech before the UN General Assembly
  • For the first time, the UN General Assembly marked Palestinian Nakba Day with a General Assembly session where Mahmoud Abbas gave a version of his usual speech attacking Israel. His main points were the following (Wafa, May 15, 2023).
    • He said that over the years the UN had passed hundreds of resolutions recognizing the rights of the Palestinian people but they were never put into practice. He demanded the UN force Israel to respect the resolutions or have its membership in the UN suspended.
    • He tried to dispel the “false Zionist claims” that “Palestine” was a land of no people and that the Palestinians left it of their own volition in 1948, that Israel’s wars were defensive wars, and the “biggest lie of all,” that Israel was the only democratic country in the Middle East. He said the ongoing Israeli “occupation” and the “siege” of the Gaza Strip were the real reasons for the cycle of violence.
    • He again reiterated that it would be impossible to achieve regional peace and security without realizing the Palestinians’ right to self-determination and independence in a country with the June 4, 1967 borders with east Jerusalem as its capital, resolving the Palestinian refugee issue based on Resolution 194; and the release of all Palestinian prisoners in Israeli jails.
    • He said Israel could not be allowed to evade accountability and punishment, or remain above the law within the international community. He claimed the first thing the Israeli government had to do, along with its partners Britain and the United States, was to recognize their responsibility for the nakba and the [alleged} “acts of slaughter, uprooting and crime committed against the Palestinians;” apologize and pay reparations; and implement all the legitimate, relevant, international resolutions. And if Israel, and whoever supported it, and the entire international community, did not act as the Palestinians demanded, the roots of the conflict would remain and the Palestinians would continue demanding their rights in the UN and everywhere, including international courts of justice, especially the International Criminal Court (Wafa, May 15, 2023).
  • The PA and Fatah were pleased by the speech. According to PA Prime Minister Muhammad Shtayyeh, as far as they were concerned the speech was “historic” for its open criticism of the world for ignoring Israel’s actions against the Palestinians. Mahmoud al-‘Aloul said it showed the world what its responsibilities were for the Palestinian nakba and the need to end the 75 year-old “crime” (Wafa, May 16, 2023).
 Cartoon of Mahmoud Abbas at the UN. The key is the symbol of the so-called "right of return," not the key to resolving the conflict (al-Hayat al-Jadeeda, May 16, 2023).    Mahmoud Abbas at the UN General Assembly (Mahmoud Abbas' Facebook page, May 15, 2023).
Right: Mahmoud Abbas at the UN General Assembly (Mahmoud Abbas’ Facebook page, May 15, 2023). Left: Cartoon of Mahmoud Abbas at the UN. The key is the symbol of the so-called “right of return,” not the key to resolving the conflict (al-Hayat al-Jadeeda, May 16, 2023).
The PA continues glorifying Palestinian terrorist operatives
  •  Mahmoud Abbas held a meeting with former prisoners and the families of prisoners, among them Karim and Maher Yunis,[5] and the family of Marwan Barghouti. He welcomed the former prisoners and said he hoped all the prisoners would be released. Meeting with the family of Marwan Barghouti, he said efforts were continuing to have him and all the Palestinian prisoners and detainees released. He said the issue of the prisoners would remain their top priority and they would not rest until the jails were empty (Wafa, May 8, 2023).
Mahmoud Abbas meets with released prisoners Karim and Maher Yunis (Mahmoud Abbas' Facebook page, May 8, 2023).
Mahmoud Abbas meets with released prisoners Karim and Maher Yunis
(Mahmoud Abbas’ Facebook page, May 8, 2023).
  • On May 8, 2023, the Fatah movement and the popular campaign for the release of Marwan Barghouti held an event in Ramallah to mark the 21 anniversary of his incarceration. It was attended by Rawhi Fatouh, chairman of the Palestinian National Council; PA Prime Minister Muhammad Shtayyeh, members of the PLO’s Executive Committee, members Fatah’s Central Committee and released prisoners. Speeches were given by Jibril al-Rajoub, chairman of Fatah’s Central Committee; Karim Yunis, a released prisoner and a member of the Central Committee; and Fadwa al-Barghouti, a member of Fatah’s Revolutionary Council and Marwan Barghouti’s wife, who read a letter from her husband stating that the release of the prisoners was a sacred national duty (Wafa, May 8, 2023).
The meeting marking the 21st anniversary of Marwan Barghouti's incarceration (Wafa, May 8, 2023).
The meeting marking the 21st anniversary of Marwan Barghouti’s incarceration
(Wafa, May 8, 2023).
The effort to release prisoner Walid Daqa
  • On May 15, 2023, Palestinian prisoners in Israeli jails held a one-day hunger strike following a notice from the security prisoners’ emergency committee. The strike was declared the first step in an effort for the release of Walid Daqa;[6] to end the solitary confinement of all prisoners, including ‘Ahed Abu Ghalma;[7] Ahmed Sadat, the secretary general of the PFLP;[8] Walid Hanatsha;[9] and the cancellation of administration detentions. The committee called for the use of all possible measures to exert pressure for the release of Walid Daqa before it was too late and he became another Khader Adnan [who died after an extended hunger strike during which he refused food, water and medical care] (Wafa, May 14, 2023).
The PA vs Itamar Ben-Gvir
  • Following remarks made by Israeli Minister of Internal Security Itamar Ben-Gvir,[10] the PA foreign ministry appealed to the International Criminal Court in The Hague for a warrant to arrest Ben-Gvir for inciting targeted killings in Judea and Samaria like those in the Gaza Strip. The foreign ministry called his position a license to kill Palestinians and calls for an unjust military escalation, reflecting “the mentality of colonial expansion” to make the gradual annexation of Judea and Samaria permanent. The foreign ministry demanded the international community take a clear stand against him by boycotting and taking legal action against him (Wafa, May 14, 2023).
Rocks, Molotov cocktails and other attacks
  • In Judea, Samaria and east Jerusalem Palestinians continued throwing rocks and Molotov cocktails at Israeli vehicles driving on the roads. The more prominent events were the following:[11]
    • May 15, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle near Turmus Aya (northeast of Ramallah). No casualties were reported; the vehicle was damaged.
    • May 15, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle on the Nebi Elias bypass road (east of Qalqilya). No casualties were reported; the vehicle was damaged.
    • May 14, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle on route 458 northeast of Ramallah. No casualties were reported; the vehicle was damaged.
    • May 14, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli bus in Hawwara (south of Nablus). No casualties or damage were reported.
    • May 14, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle Gush Etzion-Hebron road near Bayt Ummar (north of Hebron). No casualties or damage were reported.
    • May 14, 2023: An IED detonated near the Beka’ot roadblock (east of Nablus). No casualties were reported; damage was reported.
    • May 14, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli bus near Qadumim (east of Qalqilya). No casualties were reported; the bus was damaged.
    • May 11, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle in Hawwara (south of Nablus). No casualties
    • May 11, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli bus near Deir Istiya (northwest of Salfit). Damage was reported.
 One of the rocks thrown at the bus.    The damage to the windshield of the bus northwest of Salfit.
Right: The damage to the windshield of the bus northwest of Salfit. Left: One of the rocks thrown at the bus.
    • May 11, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli bus near Jiftlik (Jordan Valley). No casualties were reported; the bus was damaged.
    • May 11, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle and an Israeli bus near Turmus Aya (northeast of Ramallah). Damage was reported
    • May 11, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle near Sinjil (northeast of Ramallah). No casualties were reported; the vehicle was damaged.
    • May 10, 2023: Five Molotov cocktails were thrown at an IDF post near al-Bireh (east of Ramallah) No casualties were reported; the post was damaged.
    • May 10, 2023: Rocks were thrown and fireworks were shot at an Israeli vehicle near Beit Horon (west of Ramallah). No casualties were reported; the vehicle was damaged.
    • May 10, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle near Ariel (north of Salfit) No casualties were reported; the vehicle was damaged.
Damage to the vehicle near Ariel.
Damage to the vehicle near Ariel.
    • May 10, 2023: Four Molotov cocktails were thrown at an Israeli bus between Mevo Dotan and Hermesh (southeast of Jenin). No casualties or damage were reported.
    • May 10, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle on the access road to Ma’aleh Shomron (east of Qalqilya). No casualties were reported; the vehicle was damaged.
    • May 10, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle in Uja (north of Jericho). No casualties were reported; the vehicle was damaged.
    • May 9, 2023: A Molotov cocktail was thrown at an Israeli vehicle near Beit el. No casualties were reported; the vehicle was damaged.
    • May 9, 2023: Rocks were thrown at an Israeli vehicle near Sinjil. No casualties were reported; the vehicle was damaged.
    • May 9, 2023: Rocks and Molotov cocktails were thrown at Israeli vehicles, including a bus, near Baytillu (northwest of Ramallah). The bus driver was injured and the bus was damaged.

[1] The day marking the exodus, flight and expulsion of Arabs during Israel's War of Independence in 1948, turning them into refugees.
[2] A critical attack is defined by the ITIC as involving shooting, stabbing, a vehicular attack, the use of IEDs, or a combination of the above. Stones and Molotov cocktails thrown by Palestinians are not included.
[3] On February 26, 2023, he and his father carried out a shooting attack in Hawwara, killing brothers Hillel and Yigal Yaniv.
[4] For further information see the May 14, 2023, "Operation Shield and Arrow in the Gaza Strip – Summary."
[5] Two terrorist operatives, Israeli Arabs from the town of 'Ar'ara, who killed IDF soldier Avraham Bromberg in 1980. They were released in 2023 after serving 40 years in prison.
[6] Walid Daqa is an Israeli Arab from Baqa al-Gharbia who was involved in the abduction and murder of IDF soldier Moshe Tamam and sentenced to life imprisonment in 1986.
[7] The orchestrator of the assassination of Israeli Minister of Transportation Rehavam Ze'evi in 2001.
[8] Also involved in Ze'evi's assassination.
[9] One of the leaders of the PFLP terrorist network that carried out the IED attack at Ein Bubin in August 2019, killing Rina Shnerb.
[10] Speaking with members of his party about the ceasefire agreement which ended Operation Shield and Arrow, he said the next operation had to be in Judea and Samaria and the next demand would be targeted killings there was well (Ynet, May 14, 2023).
[11] Information and pictures from Rescue Without Borders in Judea and Samaria unless otherwise noted.