Countries - The Amit Terrorism and Intelligence Research Institute

Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (August 5—12, 2026)

The Iranian Supreme Leader’s advisor for international affairs stressed the importance of the Axis of Resistance; The Iranian President spoke with the new head of Hamas’ political bureau and emphasized Iran’s support for the Palestinians; The commander of the Qods Force visited Baghdad and met with commanders of the pro-Iranian Shiite militias to discuss the Iraqi government’s demand that they disarm by September 30, 2026; The pro-Iranian militias in Iraq canceled planned attacks against Saudi Arabia at the last minute but threatened that they were still prepared to carry out an “appropriate military response”; Houthi attacks against; A pro-Iranian militia in southern Syria claimed responsibility for an attack on an IDF base in Daraa. The claim could not be independently verified. Read more...

Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (July 29—August 5, 2026)

Articles in the Iranian media emphasized the growing importance of the Islamic Republic’s regional proxies within the framework of the “unity of the arenas” concept amid the continuing escalation with the United States and its allies; Iran publicly opposed the disarmament of Hamas following the announcement by the Peace Council of the agreement reached in the Gaza Strip; the Iranian Foreign Minister visited Iraq and declared that relations between the two countries are at their best; The pro-Iranian militias in Iraq demanded that the Iraqi government respond to the joint US-Saudi strikes on Iraqi territory and made clear that they intend to expand their weapons stockpiles in light of the tensions; The Houthi leader claimed that Israel is “planning to destroy” part of Al-Aqsa Mosque. Read more...

Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (July 27 – August 4, 2026)

A new round of talks between Lebanon and Israel began in Rome on August 4, 2026. The Lebanese delegation focuses on halting Israeli strikes and advancing additional IDF withdrawals from south Lebanon; Hezbollah secretary general called on the Lebanese authorities to halt the negotiations, claiming they only involved Lebanese concessions to Israel; ; The Lebanese army continued to consolidate its control over the town of Zawtar al-Gharbiya as part of the pilot areas plan, but claimed legal restrictions prevented them from searching private homes and accused Israel's strikes of hindering its mission; IDF forces destroyed key Hezbollah underground facilities in the Beaufort Ridge area and continued locating weapons and eliminating terrorists in the security zone; The Lebanese president visited Turkey, and Ankara is reportedly interested in participating in a future multinational force to be deployed in south Lebanon once UNIFIL's mandate ends. Read more...

Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (August 4 –10, 2026)

Fighting in southern Lebanon escalated this week following an IED explosion in Majdal Zoun that killed two IDF soldiers and severely wounded four others—an incident that prompted the expansion of IDF operations in the area, an unusual evacuation order in El Mansouri, and strikes on Hezbollah infrastructure. Meanwhile, the seventh round of direct negotiations in Rome concluded without a breakthrough on core issues due to deep disagreements over conditioning the expansion of 'pilot zones' on the disarmament of the organization's infrastructure along the Ali el-Tahar ridge; nevertheless, some progress was recorded regarding border issues, detainees, and implementation mechanisms, alongside the consideration of a new international monitoring and demilitarization force led by Italy and Europe. On the political and regional front, Lebanese Prime Minister Nawaf Salam launched a harsh attack against Hezbollah for violating state sovereignty while the organization demands the severing of contacts, against the backdrop of reports regarding initial contacts between Hezbollah and the new Syrian regime, intercepted arms smuggling along the border, and an ongoing humanitarian crisis involving hundreds of thousands of displaced Lebanese unable to return to their destroyed homes. Read more...

Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (July 21 – 28, 2026)

An IDF officer and an Israeli civilian were shot and killed following clashes between Israelis and Palestinians in the Palestinian village of Kafr Tal. The Palestinians reported four fatalities and settler retaliation. A senior Hamas figure praised the "resistance of the residents," while the Palestinian Authority called for international intervention; An Israeli civilian was stabbed by two Hamas terrorists near Itamar, and an IDF soldier was stabbed by a Palestinian police officer in northern Samaria. Israeli security forces conducted extensive counterterrorism operations in Judea and Samaria; IDF forces continued operations in the Yellow Line and other parts of the Gaza Strip, destroying weapons depots and a tunnel hundreds of meters long, and eliminating more than ten Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad terrorists, including senior Hamas security operatives and terrorists involved in the atrocities of the October 7, 2023 invasion and massacre and who had held hostages. The IDF reported that 12 Palestinian football [soccer] players killed during the war had been terrorist operatives; Khalil al-Hayya delivered his first speech as head of the Hamas political bureau. He related to the continuation of the "resistance" while rejecting any compromise regarding "Palestine." He asked the leaders of the mediating countries to compel Israel to stop the "violations" of the ceasefire agreement. Read more...

Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (July 22-29, 2026)

Iran’s Supreme Leader sent a letter to Hezbollah Secretary-General Naim Qassem, reaffirming Iran’s support for Hezbollah and linking the ceasefire in Lebanon to the end of the war between Iran and the United States; An attempt by the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence to infiltrate an operational cell into Israel to carry out attacks against senior Israeli officials was foiled; The Iranian leadership used the Iraqi Prime Minister’s visit to Tehran as an opportunity to address the repercussions of his visit to the United States and the growing pressure to disarm the Shiite militias in Iraq; Iran reportedly transported IRGC officers and equipment for manufacturing missiles and drones to the Houthis in Yemen; The Houthis claimed responsibility for attacks against Saudi oil tankers and energy facilities. They denied closing the Bab al-Mandeb Strait, asserting that they were only imposing a naval blockade on Saudi Arabia until it lifted the blockade on Yemen; Israeli assessments indicate that three drones intercepted near the Jordanian border were launched by the pro-Iranian militias in Iraq; The United States and Saudi Arabia struck targets belonging to the pro-Iranian militias in Iraq in response to dozens of attacks against US forces and Saudi energy infrastructure over a 72-hour period. The militias reported at least 20 fatalities. Read more...

Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (July 20-27, 2026)

Lebanese President Joseph Aoun met with the American president at the White House and noted the importance of activating the framework agreement and "dealing with" Hezbollah's weapons while avoiding an internal Lebanese confrontation; Activating the first stage of the framework agreement began with the deployment of the Lebanese army in three pilot areas towns in south Lebanon; Prime Minister Salam visited the south Lebanese town of Zawtar al-Gharbiya, where he said the army's deployment was the first step toward the return of the residents and reconstruction. Hezbollah claimed there had been no Israeli withdrawal and an IDF shooting incident involving Lebanese army forces proved Israel still controlled south Lebanon; Hezbollah accused the IDF of a series of ceasefire violations, including airstrikes which wounded two members of Hezbollah's medical organization; Hezbollah did not respond to the alleged attack; Iranian leader Mojtaba Khamenei wrote a letter to Hezbollah in which he said Iran supported the complete end of "Zionist aggression" in accordance with the memorandum of understanding with the United States. The Iranian leadership was reportedly disappointed with Hezbollah's performance in the confrontation with Israel and was increasing its control over the organization's decision-making; Syrian President al-Sharaa said Syria would not intervene militarily in Lebanon to deal with Hezbollah's disarmament, adding that he supported the Lebanese state's monopoly on arms. Read more...

Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (July 15—22, 2026)

Senior Iranian officials congratulated Khalil al-Hayya on his election as Hamas’ new head of the political bureau and reiterated Iran’s continued support for the Palestinians. The pro-Iranian militias also welcomed his appointment; An Iranian member of parliament warned that if Syria’s president confronts Hezbollah, it will accelerate Syria’s “liberation” by the “resistance.”; The commander of the Qods Force declared that the Axis of Resistance would continue to flourish under the leadership of Mojtaba Khamenei; The advisor to Iran’s Supreme Leader sharply criticized the Iraqi Prime Minister’s visit to the United States during the mourning ceremonies following the death of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei; The Houthis and the pro-Iranian militias in Iraq threatened to intensify their attacks if the United States targets Iran’s energy infrastructure. The Islamic Resistance in Iraq announced a $10 million reward for the assassination of President Donald Trump; The Houthis declared a maritime embargo against Saudi Arabia in response to the Saudi blockade imposed on their territories in Yemen. Read more...

Khalil al-Hayya Elected to Chair Hamas political bureau – Insights and Reactions

Khalil al-Hayya is the new chairman of Hamas after defeating Khaled Mashaal; Hamas declared that all members of the movement and its institutions stood behind al-Hayya, while Iran and the "resistance axis" praised his election as "a proof of the victory of the resistance"; Al-Hayya, a native of Gaza City, joined Hamas when it was established in 1987 and was chairman of the movement's faction in the Palestinian National Council. He had been Yahya al-Sinwar's deputy in the Hamas political bureau in the Gaza Strip since 2017 and, following al-Sinwar's elimination, became Hamas leader in the Gaza Strip; Al-Hayya was a member of the Hamas delegations which conducted indirect negotiations with Israel over hostage deals and has headed the negotiating team since the outbreak of the war following the October 7, 2023 terrorist invasion and massacre. He also survived several attempts to kill him and four of his sons died in Israeli strikes; Al-Hayya is expected to continue al-Sinwar's ideological line, especially "resistance" and close relations with Iran. Read more...

Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (July 28 – August 3, 2026)

The American president and the Board of Peace announced agreement on the road map for the second phase of the ceasefire, along with the IDF's withdrawal from the Gaza Strip; Hamas claimed it had made "concessions" to end the aggression but would continue its "political and national activities" to "liberate all Palestinian land from the occupation on all fronts"; IDF forces continued operations in the Yellow Line area and other parts of the Gaza Strip, destroying weapons depots, and eliminating operatives from Hamas and the other terrorist organizations, including operatives involved in the atrocities of the October 7, 2023 invasion and massacre; Hamas' new political bureau chairman, Khalil al-Hayya, met with the Turkish foreign minister and spoke with the prime minister of Qatar; Israeli security forces continued extensive counterterrorism operations in Judea and Samaria, detaining more than 200 wanted individuals and suspects and seizing weapons and other military equipment; The PLO established a center to monitor, and document alleged Israeli violations for use in proceedings before international legal institutions and in academic and journalistic research. Read more...

Agreement for Collecting Weapons from Hamas and the Other Armed Organizations in the Gaza Strip – Significance and Reactions

The American president and the Board of Peace announced they had reached an agreement with Hamas on a road map for implementing the second phase of the ceasefire agreement in the Gaza Strip; Hamas and the armed factions will transfer their heavy weapons, weapons depots, production facilities and tunnels to the responsibility of the Palestinian administration committee, which will store and supervise them; A senior Hamas figure claimed they had been "flexible", but added that the movement would continue to work to "liberate" the land from the "occupation" on all fronts; In The Amit Terrorism and Intelligence Research Institute assessment, the new agreement is not sufficiently clear and, based on what has been published so far, does not ensure the disarmament of Hamas and the other Palestinian armed factions; The framework also does not determine the fate of the commanders of the military wings and other terrorist operatives; The agreement also imposes restrictions on the IDF's use of force and its ability to deal with immediate or emerging threats. Read more...

Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (July 14-21, 2026)

Hamas announced the election of Khalil al-Hayya as the new head of its political bureau, 21 months after the elimination of Yahya al-Sinwar; IDF forces continued operations within the Yellow Line and other parts of the Gaza Strip, destroying Hamas weapons depots and other terrorist facilities and assets and eliminating more than 16 Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad terrorists, many involved in the atrocities of the October 7, 2023 invasion and massacre and who had held hostages; Another round of negotiations in Cairo on implementing the second phase of the ceasefire agreement ended without progress in disarming Hamas and the other terrorist armed organizations operating in the Gaza Strip; The date for the entry into Gaza of the Palestinian national committee for the administration of Gaza remains unknown. However, the committee continues to hold coordination meetings with the Board of Peace and the Palestinian Authority to discuss the provision of essential services and the beginning of reconstruction work; Hamas' security forces continue to identify "collaborators" with the militias and Israel amid the continuing targeting of "resistance fighters" in the Gaza Strip; Hamas and Palestinian Authority delegations arrived in Qatar to offer condolences to the emir on the death of his father; Israeli security forces continued extensive counterterrorism operations in Judea and Samaria, detaining dozens of wanted Palestinians and locating large quantities of weapons. An Israeli Arab was detained on suspicion of planning to assassinate an Israeli government minister. Read more...

Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (July 7-14, 2026)

Hamas announced the dissolution of its government emergency committee in preparation for transferring administrative responsibilities to the national committee for the administration of Gaza. However, it continued to enforce physical control by executing alleged collaborators and displaying flags at the funerals of eliminated terrorist operatives. Members of the Board of Peace said they would judge actions rather than declarations; IDF forces continued operating within the Yellow Line and other areas of the Gaza Strip, destroying terrorist infrastructure and eliminating more than ten terrorists who were involved in advancing attacks or restoring Hamas' military capabilities. Many of them had participated in the atrocities of the October 7, 2023, invasion and massacre and held hostages. Hamas' spokesman in the Gaza Strip reportedly survived an attempted targeted killing; his bodyguard was killed; A Hamas delegation arrived in Cairo to continue talks with the mediators on the remaining bones of contention, including weapons, the future of public-sector employees in the Gaza Strip and the IDF withdrawal; A senior UN official condemned Hamas after armed men attacked a food distribution point and a warehouse belonging to an international aid organization; An international pro-Palestinian campaign is calling for the release of Dr. Hussam Abu Safiya, director of Kamal Adwan Hospital in the Gaza Strip, who is being detained in Israel because of his status as a senior Hamas officer and his involvement in terrorist activity carried out at the hospital; Hamas has reportedly transferred a significant portion of its "organizational activity" to Turkey for "security reasons" and to reduce American and Israeli pressure on Qatar to expel the movement's leadership. Read more...

The future of Hamas’ weapons and its efforts to rebuild the military wing

The American Twenty-Point Plan, which served as the basis for the ceasefire agreement to end the Gaza Strip War, explicitly stipulates that during the second phase Hamas and the other armed terrorist organizations in the Gaza Strip will be required to disarm and the Strip will become a demilitarized zone; Senior Hamas figures made it clear that although they were committed to maintaining the ceasefire, they were not willing disarm the "resistance" until the establishment of a Palestinian state. They also reiterated that it was "a complex issue that had to be deliberated' within "a broader framework of general Palestinian understandings about the future of the Strip."; As after the previous rounds of fighting, and despite the demand that it disarm, Hamas quickly took advantage of the ceasefire to rebuild its military wing by collecting unexploded ordnance and ammunition left in the Gaza Strip after two years of war. In all probability, to restore its arsenal Hamas will use weapons smuggled across the Egyptian border via civilian drones and the entry of raw materials and dual-purpose equipment intended for the reconstruction of the Strip to manufacture weapons; In ITIC assessment, Hamas' unwillingness to relinquish the weapons of the "resistance" reflect its determination to continue the armed "struggle" against Israel under the pretext of a "legal and religious [sic] right to fight the occupation." Therefore, until a new, temporary administration is established in the Gaza Strip, Hamas can be expected to take advantage of the interim period to rebuild its military capabilities, with Iran also expected to continue backing Hamas by providing financial aid, supplying weapons, and transferring technical and other knowledge and training. The involvement of Qatar and Turkey, Hamas' allies, in shaping the "day after" in Gaza can be expected to obstruct the establishment of a temporary administration which could lead genuine, sincere efforts to limit Hamas' activity and disarm it. However, even if the temporary administration demonstrates determination, Hamas will continue to use its proven experience to adapt its military buildup processes to the changing situations on the ground. Read more...

Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (June 10 – 17 , 2025)

IDF forces continued extensive aerial and ground attacks on targets belonging to Hamas and the other terrorist organizations operating in the Gaza Strip. Palestinian reports indicated a decrease in the intensity of the attacks and a withdrawal of forces from certain areas. Three IDF soldiers were killed in combat in the southern Gaza Strip; No progress has been made in the negotiations for a ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and the release of the hostages. Hamas denied Iranian involvement in the negotiations. A senior Hamas figure said the Israel-Iran War might lead to a temporary ceasefire in the Strip; The Gaza Humanitarian Foundation continued distributing food packages, for the first time operating all four of its distribution points in one day while facing Hamas accusations of deliberate gunfire on civilians who had come to the distribution centers; Hamas security forces in the Gaza Strip continued taking action against members of the armed militia of Yasser Abu Shabab, which receives support from Israel. Documents were published revealing Hamas' method for exploiting humanitarian aid entering the Strip; The land convoy with 1,500 volunteers which set out from Tunisia to the Rafah Crossing was forced to turn back after authorities in eastern Libya blocked its path and Egyptian authorities expelled foreign activists. Activists in Malaysia announced their intention to send a thousand vessels to "break the siege" on the Gaza Strip; IDF forces killed a terrorist who carried out a shooting at a checkpoint near the settlement of Hermesh in western Samaria. Israeli security forces continued extensive counterterrorism activity in Judea and Samaria; The Two-State Solution conference planned to be held in New York under the sponsorship of France and Saudi Arabia was postponed because of the Israel-Iran War. Read more...

Turkey: Center for Hamas Leadership and Coordination

Since 2003, the ties between Hamas and Erdoğan's Turkey have grown stronger and have been manifested by Turkey's hosting senior movement figures, political and diplomatic support and economic and humanitarian assistance; Hamas also turned Turkey into an important foothold from which it directs attacks on Israeli targets and raises funds to finance terrorist activities; During the last several months, the Hamas leadership had begun transferring its organizational activity from Qatar to Turkey for "security" reasons and due to the consequences of the war in Iran; Coordination between the Hamas and the Turkish leaderships increased regarding the continued implementation of the agreement, despite Turkey's status as guarantors of the agreement and mediators. Read more...

Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (May 12-19, 2026)

IDF forces continued operating within the Yellow Line and in other areas in the Gaza Strip, eliminating terrorists who posed a threat, including those involved in the October 7, 2023 attack and massacre. Izz al-Din al-Haddad, who headed the Hamas military wing and was one of the planners of the October 7 attack, was eliminated in a strike in Gaza City, and reportedly, military intelligence chief Muhammad Oudeh was appointed to replace him; The Board of Peace announced the ceasefire continued despite the "violations," and called Hamas' refusal to disarm the main obstacle to advancing the process and beginning reconstruction of the Strip. Hamas and the other Palestinian terrorist organizations refused to disarm on the grounds that Israel had not met its commitments to the first stage of the agreement and called for the resignation of Mladenov, representative of the Board of Peace; Despite the demand that Hamas transfer governance of the Gaza Strip to the Palestinian technocrat committee, Hamas government ministries continue routine activity to ensure the movement's hold on the territories over which it has control; The Israeli Navy prevented the Global Resilience Flotilla from reaching the Gaza Strip and halted dozens of vessels which had departed from Turkey; Hamas announced that no candidate had won the first round of elections for the movement's leadership, and therefore another round would take place; UNRWA reportedly smuggled its archives from the Gaza Strip headquarters and east Jerusalem to Jordan; The eighth Fatah conference called for continuing "non-violent popular resistance" for the establishment of a Palestinian state which would include Judea and Samaria, the Gaza Strip and have east Jerusalem as its capital. Marwan al-Barghouti, who is serving life sentences in Israel for terrorist crimes, won the vote for the movement's central committee, and the son of the chairman of the Palestinian Authority was also elected. Palestinian elements called for closing ranks and formulating a unified Palestinian strategy to advance a broad political and popular struggle. Read more...

Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (July 13-20, 2026)

The Lebanese and Israeli delegations completed another round of direct talks in Rome under American mediation and principles were formulated for implementing the first phase of the framework agreement, which will enable the deployment of the Lebanese army. Israel was accused delaying the withdrawal of IDF forces from the pilot areas to preserve leverage; Lebanese President Aoun arrived in the United States for talks with senior American administration officials to persuade them to pressure Israel to start implementing the framework agreement and to secure American support for the Lebanese army; Hezbollah and Amal criticized the framework agreement, claiming the objective of the pilot areas was to maintain an Israeli presence in south Lebanon and eventually disarm the "resistance." The Hezbollah-affiliated editor of al-Akhbar claimed a demand for Israel's withdrawal from all south Lebanon appeared in the draft framework agreement, but Lebanese President Aoun ordered it removed; IDF forces continued operations in the security zone in south Lebanon, destroying Hezbollah terrorist infrastructure and eliminating terrorists who posed a threat. Hezbollah accused Israel of "violating the ceasefire," but did not actively respond. A Lebanese army soldier was killed in an explosion in south Lebanon; the IDF reported it had been caused by an explosive device planted by Hezbollah; Hezbollah reorganized its units in south Lebanon and reduced its activity in the border villages; The Syrian interior ministry announced that the smuggling of a large quantity of advanced weapons to Hezbollah in Lebanon had been prevented near the border with Iraq, including 150 explosive UAVs, and long-range and anti-tank missiles. Read more...

Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (July 8—15, 2026)

An Iranian diplomatic delegation visited Lebanon and met with the Speaker of Parliament. The Iranian Foreign Minister met with the UN Secretary-General’s Special Coordinator for Lebanon; It was reported that a message conveyed by the Iranian leadership to the Hezbollah leadership and the Speaker of the Lebanese Parliament stated that Tehran had made it clear to the mediators in the negotiations with the United States that ending the war in Lebanon is its highest priority; Iranian commentators expressed strong doubts about the prospects of disarming Hezbollah; It was reported that the Iranian leadership had acceded to requests by the Hamas leadership to link the end of the war in the Gaza Strip to the negotiations with the United States and to continue supporting the reconstruction of the movement’s military wing; The Iraqi Prime Minister met with President Trump at the White House and stressed that he is committed to the disarmament of the militias once the US military presence in Iraq concludes in late September 2026. The Islamic Resistance in Iraq condemned the visit and stressed that it would not surrender its weapons; The major pro-Iranian militias in Iraq threatened to resume attacks against US targets amid the escalation between the United States and Iran. Read more...