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The Palestinian Islamic Jihad

Turkey as a Center for Hamas Activity

Turkey, under the leadership of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, is one of Hamas' most important strategic allies. Turkey hosts senior Hamas figures, and provides political, diplomatic and propaganda support, as well as economic and humanitarian assistance, including during the Gaza war; Hamas has established one of its most important overseas centers in Turkey, primarily operated by prisoners released in the Gilad Shalit exchange deal of 2011. It uses Turkey to plan terrorist attacks and transfer funds to finance terrorist activities inside Israel, in Judea, Samaria and the Gaza Strip, and to raise and launder money in support of its terrorist operations, including the October 7, 2023, attack and massacre; Hamas documents seized by IDF forces in the Gaza Strip during the Gaza Strip War showed the relationship between Hamas and Turkey, including how Hamas used Turkey for terrorist activities against Israel; In ITIC assessment, given the Hamas operational infrastructure in Turkey, its deep involvement in terrorism and Turkey’s hostility toward Israel, Hamas will seek to strengthen and expand its ties with Turkey. The deportation of terrorists, particularly senior terrorists from Israel, to Turkey in particular, is likely to reinforce the Hamas operational base in Turkey and facilitate the rebuilding of its military wing and the return of released prisoners to terrorist activities. A Turkish aegis would strengthen the "external" Hamas leadership and increase Hamas terrorist activity outside Israel. Given Turkey’s location and its strained relations with Israel, Israeli security forces would face significant challenges in effectively countering Hamas infrastructure and activities in Turkey.
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (February 19 – 26, 2025)

An Iranian delegation with the participation of the Majles speaker, the foreign minister, and the IRGC deputy commander attended the funeral ceremony of former Hezbollah secretary-general Hassan Nasrallah and his designated replacement, Hashem Safi al-Din, in Beirut. During their visit to Beirut, the Majles speaker and the foreign minister met with senior Lebanese government officials and Hezbollah secretary-general Naim Qassem; In the wake of Nasrallah’s funeral, the Iranian Supreme Leader and the IRGC commander reiterated the achievements of the “resistance” and its determination to continue the campaign against Israel; The delegation of senior Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) figures continued its visit to Tehran and met with senior Iranian officials; The secretary of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council and Iran’s vice president for strategic affairs declared that Israel’s continued military presence in southern Syria would lead to the Syrian people’s resistance against it; US officials said that the Houthis launched a surface-to-air missile against a US fighter jet over the Red Sea for the first time. There were no casualties. The Houthis did not confirm but made it clear that they have a legitimate right to intercept American planes.
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Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (February 18 – 25 , 2025)

Hamas transferred the bodies of four murdered Israeli hostages and six living hostages, including two who had been held in the Gaza Strip for more than a decade. Due to the release "ceremonies" and Hamas' failure to transfer the body of a female hostage at the agreed time, Israel delayed the release of Palestinian prisoners. Hamas accused Israel of violating the agreement but claimed they were prepared to negotiate on the second phase; Hamas figure Musa Abu Marzouq claimed he would not have supported the October 7, 2023 attack [and massacre] had he known the extent of the damage that would be visited on the Gaza Strip. Hamas rushed to claim his remarks had been taken out of context; Reportedly, the Egyptian reconstruction plan for Gaza will include restrictions and oversight on the weapons of "the resistance."; A senior delegation of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) visited Iran and met with regime leaders; Three explosive devices blew up on empty buses in the central Israeli cities of Bat Yam and Holon. Two additional explosive devices were discovered before they could be detonated. There were no casualties. Israeli security forces continued extensive counter-terrorism operations in northern Samaria, including the use of tanks for the first time in 22 years; Reportedly, the American administration halted funding to the Palestinian Authority's security forces, significantly impacting their capabilities.
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Summary of Terrorist Events, January 2025

During January 2025 fighting continued in the Gaza Strip, Judea and Samaria, along with Houthi attacks from Yemen. On January 19, 2025, a ceasefire in the Gaza Strip went into effect, also bringing an end to Houthi attacks. The ceasefire between Israel and Hezbollah held firm, and pro-Iranian militias in Iraq did not attack Israel; Israel, Judea, and Samaria: Palestinian terrorists carried out five attacks in which three Israelis were killed. Israeli security forces continued counterterrorism operations throughout Judea and Samaria and launched a large-scale operation in northern Samaria; Gaza Strip: Until the ceasefire on January 19 went into effect, 11 rockets were fired into Israeli territory. Targeted killings of leading military figures in Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) continued. Hamas confirmed the deaths of its military wing chief, Mohammed Deif, and other senior military leaders; Shi'ite militias: The Houthis claimed responsibility for 18 missile and drone attacks on Israeli targets (until January 19, 2025).
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (February 12 – 19, 2025)

The Lebanese authorities’ decision to suspend Iranian flights to Beirut for fear that they are carrying funds for Hezbollah was the focus of diplomatic contacts between the two countries. Israel’s Foreign Minister revealed that Iran is also trying to smuggle money for Hezbollah through Turkey and in cooperation with it; Iranian Supreme Leader Khamenei and Foreign Minister Araghchi met in Tehran with the leadership of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad. The two condemned Trump’s plan to evacuate the residents of the Gaza Strip; The Iranian foreign minister’s special representative for the Middle East claimed that Iran and the new regime in Syria were exchanging messages. Sources in Syria denied this; The Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman denied reports of Iranian military assistance to the Houthis after it was reported that the “legitimate” Yemeni army had thwarted an attempt to smuggle Iranian-made weapons, including cruise missiles and drones.
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Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (February 11 – 18 , 2025)

Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad released three Israeli hostages, and in return Israel released 369 Palestinian prisoners. Despite Hamas' agreeing to resume prisoner releases, senior figures in the movement continued to accuse Israel of violating the humanitarian clauses of the ceasefire agreement and delaying negotiations on the second phase; Given the announcement of Trump's plan to relocate Gazan to other countries, Egypt and several other Arab states reportedly have a plan to reconstruct the Gaza Strip without evacuating the residents and without Hamas involvement; Senior Hamas figures emphasized that the movement did not seek to govern the Gaza Strip the "day after" but opposed transferring full authority to the Palestinian Authority. Elections for the Hamas leadership will most likely be postponed given the uncertainty of the future of the ceasefire; An Israeli civilian was injured in an axe attack on Mt. Gilboa in northern Israel; the terrorist was detained. Israeli security forces continued counterterrorism operations in northern Judea and Samaria; Palestinian Authority chairman Mahmoud Abbas said he opposed the "displacement" of the Gazans and called for the implementation of the [so-called] "right of return."
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