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Syria

Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (August 4 –10, 2026)

 Fighting in southern Lebanon escalated this week following an IED explosion in Majdal Zoun that killed two IDF soldiers and severely wounded four others—an incident that prompted the expansion of IDF operations in the area, an unusual evacuation order in El Mansouri, and strikes on Hezbollah infrastructure. Meanwhile, the seventh round of direct negotiations in Rome concluded without a breakthrough on core issues due to deep disagreements over conditioning the expansion of 'pilot zones' on the disarmament of the organization's infrastructure along the Ali el-Tahar ridge; nevertheless, some progress was recorded regarding border issues, detainees, and implementation mechanisms, alongside the consideration of a new international monitoring and demilitarization force led by Italy and Europe. On the political and regional front, Lebanese Prime Minister Nawaf Salam launched a harsh attack against Hezbollah for violating state sovereignty while the organization demands the severing of contacts, against the backdrop of reports regarding initial contacts between Hezbollah and the new Syrian regime, intercepted arms smuggling along the border, and an ongoing humanitarian crisis involving hundreds of thousands of displaced Lebanese unable to return to their destroyed homes.  
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (July 29—August 5, 2026)

Articles in the Iranian media emphasized the growing importance of the Islamic Republic’s regional proxies within the framework of the “unity of the arenas” concept amid the continuing escalation with the United States and its allies; Iran publicly opposed the disarmament of Hamas following the announcement by the Peace Council of the agreement reached in the Gaza Strip; the Iranian Foreign Minister visited Iraq and declared that relations between the two countries are at their best; The pro-Iranian militias in Iraq demanded that the Iraqi government respond to the joint US-Saudi strikes on Iraqi territory and made clear that they intend to expand their weapons stockpiles in light of the tensions; The Houthi leader claimed that Israel is “planning to destroy” part of Al-Aqsa Mosque.
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (July 27 – August 4, 2026)

A new round of talks between Lebanon and Israel began in Rome on August 4, 2026. The Lebanese delegation focuses on halting Israeli strikes and advancing additional IDF withdrawals from south Lebanon; Hezbollah secretary general called on the Lebanese authorities to halt the negotiations, claiming they only involved Lebanese concessions to Israel; ; The Lebanese army continued to consolidate its control over the town of Zawtar al-Gharbiya as part of the pilot areas plan, but claimed legal restrictions prevented them from searching private homes and accused Israel's strikes of hindering its mission; IDF forces destroyed key Hezbollah underground facilities in the Beaufort Ridge area and continued locating weapons and eliminating terrorists in the security zone; The Lebanese president visited Turkey, and Ankara is reportedly interested in participating in a future multinational force to be deployed in south Lebanon once UNIFIL's mandate ends. 
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Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (July 21 – 28, 2026)

An IDF officer and an Israeli civilian were shot and killed following clashes between Israelis and Palestinians in the Palestinian village of Kafr Tal. The Palestinians reported four fatalities and settler retaliation. A senior Hamas figure praised the "resistance of the residents," while the Palestinian Authority called for international intervention; An Israeli civilian was stabbed by two Hamas terrorists near Itamar, and an IDF soldier was stabbed by a Palestinian police officer in northern Samaria. Israeli security forces conducted extensive counterterrorism operations in Judea and Samaria; IDF forces continued operations in the Yellow Line and other parts of the Gaza Strip, destroying weapons depots and a tunnel hundreds of meters long, and eliminating more than ten Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad terrorists, including senior Hamas security operatives and terrorists involved in the atrocities of the October 7, 2023 invasion and massacre and who had held hostages. The IDF reported that 12 Palestinian football [soccer] players killed during the war had been terrorist operatives; Khalil al-Hayya delivered his first speech as head of the Hamas political bureau. He related to the continuation of the "resistance" while rejecting any compromise regarding "Palestine." He asked the leaders of the mediating countries to compel Israel to stop the "violations" of the ceasefire agreement. 
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (July 20-27, 2026)

Lebanese President Joseph Aoun met with the American president at the White House and noted the importance of activating the framework agreement and "dealing with" Hezbollah's weapons while avoiding an internal Lebanese confrontation; Activating the first stage of the framework agreement began with the deployment of the Lebanese army in three pilot areas towns in south Lebanon; Prime Minister Salam visited the south Lebanese town of Zawtar al-Gharbiya, where he said the army's deployment was the first step toward the return of the residents and reconstruction. Hezbollah claimed there had been no Israeli withdrawal and an IDF shooting incident involving Lebanese army forces proved Israel still controlled south Lebanon; Hezbollah accused the IDF of a series of ceasefire violations, including airstrikes which wounded two members of Hezbollah's medical organization; Hezbollah did not respond to the alleged attack; Iranian leader Mojtaba Khamenei wrote a letter to Hezbollah in which he said Iran supported the complete end of "Zionist aggression" in accordance with the memorandum of understanding with the United States. The Iranian leadership was reportedly disappointed with Hezbollah's performance in the confrontation with Israel and was increasing its control over the organization's decision-making; Syrian President al-Sharaa said Syria would not intervene militarily in Lebanon to deal with Hezbollah's disarmament, adding that he supported the Lebanese state's monopoly on arms.
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (July 15—22, 2026)

Senior Iranian officials congratulated Khalil al-Hayya on his election as Hamas’ new head of the political bureau and reiterated Iran’s continued support for the Palestinians. The pro-Iranian militias also welcomed his appointment; An Iranian member of parliament warned that if Syria’s president confronts Hezbollah, it will accelerate Syria’s “liberation” by the “resistance.”; The commander of the Qods Force declared that the Axis of Resistance would continue to flourish under the leadership of Mojtaba Khamenei; The advisor to Iran’s Supreme Leader sharply criticized the Iraqi Prime Minister’s visit to the United States during the mourning ceremonies following the death of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei; The Houthis and the pro-Iranian militias in Iraq threatened to intensify their attacks if the United States targets Iran’s energy infrastructure. The Islamic Resistance in Iraq announced a $10 million reward for the assassination of President Donald Trump; The Houthis declared a maritime embargo against Saudi Arabia in response to the Saudi blockade imposed on their territories in Yemen.
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Syria

Syria is a central factor in the Arab-Israeli conflict and has been in conflict with the State of Israel since its establishment. Syria’s basic position rejects the Zionist idea and views the State of Israel as a foreign element that must be uprooted. Since its establishment, Syria has led the political and military struggle against pre-state Israel and the State of Israel. Syria is demanding that Israel give up its control over an area of about 1,200 square kilometers in the Golan Heights, which was occupied by Israel in 1967. In view of its profound hostility to Israel, Syria has supported the Palestinian terrorist organizations and Hezbollah for many years. Syria was designated as a terrorism-supporting state by the US State Department back in 1979.  

Despite repeated attempts since the early 1990s to reach a peace agreement with Syria, an official state of war still exists between it and Israel. These relations have been influenced by the involvement of elements such as the Soviet Union and Iran, Syria’s relations with other Arab countries (Egypt, Jordan and Lebanon) and its relations with the Palestinians. These relations have also been influenced by the fact that Syria perceives Israel’s territory as part of what it calls Greater Syria.

Since early 2011, there has been a civil war in Syria between President Bashar Assad and the forces loyal to him, and rebel organizations with various ideologies and political orientation. The civil war has led to the destruction of the country’s infrastructure, the removal of Syria from the Arab League, and tension in its relations with Sunni countries (Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Jordan and Turkey). Syria’s relations with the United States and Western countries have also deteriorated. On the other hand, the Syrian regime is supported by Russia, Iran and Hezbollah, and by Shiite militias supported by Iran.