Lebanon

Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (May 20 – 27, 2025)

IDF forces continued attacking Hamas and other terrorist organization targets in the Gaza Strip from the air and on the ground, and ordered local residents to evacuate from the northern Gaza Strip and the Khan Yunis area. An IDF soldier was killed in the southern Gaza Strip; There were reportedly intensive diplomatic contacts in Egypt and Qatar in an attempt to reach a ceasefire agreement and secure the release of hostages. Hamas claimed they were “open minded” and willing to consider any proposal that would end the war and lead to the IDF’s withdrawal from the Gaza Strip; The American company established to distribute humanitarian aid in the Gaza Strip began operating in Rafah. There were reports that aid trucks, warehouses and bakeries were looted because of a flour shortage; A terrorist operative was killed in a stabbing attack at a checkpoint in Hebron; there were no casualties. Israeli security forces continued counterterrorism operations in Judea and Samaria, including the detention of terrorist squads responsible for shooting attacks. At least 19 Palestinians released from Israeli prisons in the hostage deal were reportedly detained again. Security forces also took action against branches of a currency exchange company suspected of ties to terrorist organizations; Palestinian Authority chairman Mahmoud Abbas visited Lebanon and discussed disarming the Palestinian refugee camps. 
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (May 19-26, 2025)

IDF forces continued operations against Hezbollah’s presence in south Lebanon, which violates the understandings of the ceasefire agreement, and against the organization’s attempts to renew its military-terrorist capabilities. A specialist in constructing facilities for the production of precision surface-to-surface missiles and operatives from the organization’s elite Radwan Force were eliminated; Hezbollah used the events marking the 25th anniversary of the IDF’s withdrawal from Lebanon to emphasize the role of the “resistance” and to pressure Lebanese state institutions to take action to end the Israeli “violations.” Hezbollah’s secretary general, Na’im Qassem, warned that if the state did not act, there were “other options,” but added that the use of weapons was based "solely on the interests of the people."; Lebanese officials said they were continuing efforts with the international community to exert pressure on Israel to implement the agreements and withdraw from the five disputed points in south Lebanon; Hezbollah continues to face challenges in its military reconstruction in the wake of the fighting with Israel; The joint Hezbollah-Amal list won the overwhelming majority of municipalities in south Lebanon in the local elections; Palestinian Authority chairman Mahmoud Abbas visited Lebanon and met with the Lebanese leadership and representatives of Palestinian "factions." They reached an agreement to disarm Palestinian "groups" in refugee camps beginning in June 2025. Hamas demanded to be consulted regarding the issue of weapons.
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Spotlight on Syria (May 14-21, 2025)

Israeli security officials reportedly held direct talks with representatives of the Syrian government in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan; the IDF denied the meeting. Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa reportedly approved the transfer of the Syrian archive on the late Mossad agent Eli Cohen to Israel as a goodwill gesture; Syrian President al-Sharaa welcomed American President Trump’s decision to lift sanctions on Syria and pledged that the country would no longer serve as a battleground for external power struggles. Syrian Foreign Minister al-Shibani met with United States Secretary of State Rubio, who praised the regime in Damascus for its calls for peace with Israel; Syrian security forces prevented the smuggling of weapons, some of which were reportedly intended for Hezbollah in Lebanon.
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (May 14-21, 2025)

Iran’s Supreme Leader called Israel “a dangerous and deadly cancerous tumor that must be uprooted”; Iran’s ambassador to Lebanon met with the commander of the Lebanese army and discussed developments in the country; The commander of the Qods Force visited Iraq and met with Iraq’s national security advisor and senior members of the pro-Iranian Shiite militias; The Houthis claimed responsibility for four attacks on Ben Gurion Airport using ballistic missiles and drones. The IDF Spokesperson reported two cases of intercepting a ballistic missile and another interception of a drone. In response, the IDF attacked two Houthi seaports. The Houthis, in response, threatened to continue the attacks and also announced the imposition of a “siege” on the Israeli port of Haifa. 
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Challenges Faced by Hezbolla after the November 27, 2024 ceasfire

 The Israel-Lebanon ceasefire agreement of November 27, 2024, which ended the fighting that began on October 8, 2023, placed Hezbollah at a crossroads, the most significant since the organization's founding in 1982. Its situation was the result of the loss of its top leadership, primarily secretary general Hassan Nasrallah and his designated successor Hashem Safi al-Din, as well as commanders and thousands of operatives. In addition, key military-terrorist capabilities and infrastructure were destroyed and the organization's status inside Lebanon was damaged.
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Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (May 13 – 20, 2025)

The IDF launched Operation Gideon’s Chariots, a large-scale ground operation combined with aerial attacks targeting Hamas and other terrorist organizations. An assassination attempt was made on the life of Muhammad al-Sinwar, considered head of Hamas' military wing. Palestinians reported hundreds of casualties and damage to hospitals in the Gaza Strip; The Qatari prime minister announced that the indirect negotiations between Israel and Hamas held in Doha had reached a dead end. Hamas continued to demand a deal involving the release of all the hostages in exchange for the Palestinian prisoners and called for American and international guarantees to end the war; Palestinian Authority chairman Mahmoud Abbas instructed the Fatah leadership and PLO "factions" to renew contact with Hamas and integrate it into the Palestinian political system to reach an agreement which would include restoring control of the Gaza Strip to the Palestinian Authority; One Israeli civilian was killed and a civilian and a police officer were injured in two terrorist attacks. Israeli security forces continued extensive counterterrorism operations in Judea and Samaria.
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The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center
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