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Lebanon

Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (March 16-23, 2026)

IDF forces in Lebanon continued from the air and eliminated terrorist commanders and operatives, including the commander of the Radwan special forces, and operatives linked to Iran and to Palestinian terrorist organizations operating in Lebanon. IDF ground forces in south Lebanon continued locating and destroying weapons and terrorist infrastructure and assets attacking Hezbollah targets; Hezbollah issued more than 280 claims of responsibility for attacks on civilian, military and security targets in Israel and on IDF forces in south Lebanon using rockets, missiles and UAVs. The IDF reported that Hezbollah launched a ballistic missile which fell in the northern Gaza Strip, but no claim of responsibility was made. Hezbollah secretary general Na'im Qassem said he was confident the organization would stop the "aggression," force Israel to withdraw and release the Lebanese prisoners, and return the displaced persons to their homes. Hezbollah official admitted they had exercised restraint in the face of Israeli strikes for 15 months in order to rebuild Hezbollah's military capabilities; Hezbollah sharpened its rhetoric toward the Lebanese government following the ban on the organization's military activity, with implicit threats to take action against it after the war; Hezbollah terrorist cells were exposed in the UAE and Kuwait; the organization denied involvement; Lebanese president Joseph Aoun continued efforts to advance his initiative for direct talks with Israel, however, Nabih Berri, speaker of the Lebanese Parliament, opposed appointing a Shi'ite representative to the delegation before a ceasefire and demanded the talks be conducted under the supervision mechanism for implementing the ceasefire agreement; Lebanese prime minister Nawaf Salam accused Hezbollah of dragging the country back into war to assist Iran and avenge the killing of Khamenei. He said he did not want a confrontation with Hezbollah, but was not prepared to submit to extortion; The Lebanese Ministry of Health reported that more than 1,000 people had been killed since the beginning of the fighting.
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (March 11-18, 2026)

As part of the military campaign in Lebanon, the IDF eliminated senior operatives acting on behalf of the IRGC. The Lebanese Foreign Ministry protested to Iran over the joint attacks with Hezbollah against Israel and denied that the four Qods Force operatives killed in an Israeli strike were diplomats; The Houthis have continued to emphasize that they are monitoring developments in the campaign involving Israel, the United States, and Iran, but have not yet intervened in the fighting; Pro-Iranian militias in Iraq continued attacks using missiles and drones against American bases and facilities in Iraq, Jordan, and the Gulf states. The military spokesman for Kata’ib Hezbollah was eliminated; In his first message, Iran’s new Supreme Leader, Mojtaba Khamenei, emphasized Iran’s support for the “Resistance Front” and declared it an integral part of the values of the Islamic Revolution; “World Jerusalem Day” rallies were held across Iran despite the military campaign. Senior Iranian officials used the events to stress Iran’s commitment to the Palestinian cause and the destruction of the State of Israel.
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Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (March 10-17, 2026)

Hamas condemned the "American-Zionist aggression" against Iran and noted Iran's "right" to respond, but not against its neighbors. Hamas also reportedly sent a secret letter to Iran's leader for all fronts to be activated against Israel; IDF forces continued operations within the Yellow Line area in the Gaza Strip and eliminated Hamas terrorists who posed a threat, including those involved in the October 7, 2023 terrorist attack and massacre; Hamas is tightening its "security" governance in the areas under its control in Gaza with public appearances of armed police and operatives from the military wing; The Turkish IHH continues to increase its activity in the Gaza Strip; A Hamas delegation visited Cairo and held talks with Egyptian officials and with representatives of the Board of Peace regarding implementation of the ceasefire agreement; The United States imposed sanctions on four associations that helped fund Hamas' military wing under the guise of humanitarian activity. A suspect involved in a Hamas plot to attack Israeli and/or Jewish targets in Europe was arrested in Cyprus; Shots were fired at IDF forces in Samaria; there were no casualties. An Israeli civilian was stabbed and seriously wounded in Ramat Gan, suspected as a terrorist attack, and an Arab-Israeli was detained; The chairman of the Palestinian Authority, Mahmoud Abbas, spoke to the Pope. Abbas said that once the war in Iran ended, an international peace conference should be convened to end the "Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories and Arab territories in Lebanon and Syria."
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (March 9-16, 2026)

IDF forces continued attacking Hezbollah targets in Lebanon from the air and eliminated terrorist commanders and operatives, including the commander of the Nasr Unit, as well as operatives linked to Iran and Palestinian terrorist organizations operating in Lebanon. The forces continued ground activity in south Lebanon to locate and destroy weapons and terrorist infrastructure and assets. Evacuation notices were issued in south Lebanon and in neighborhoods in the Dahiyeh al-Janoubia in Beirut; Hezbollah claimed responsibility for more than 180 attacks on civilian, military and security targets in Israel and on IDF forces in south Lebanon using rockets, missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles, some of the attacks simultaneous with missile and UAV launches from Iran; Hezbollah secretary general Na'im Qassem claimed the conflict was "defensive" in response to Israeli "aggression" and part of the campaign by Israel and the United States against Iran. Qassem and other Hezbollah figures said they were prepared for a long conflict and would fight until they had achieved their objectives; The president of Lebanon, Joseph Aoun, is promoting an initiative to open direct negotiations with Israel to end the fighting and regulate the security situation on the border; The Lebanese government continued to place responsibility for the new crisis on Hezbollah and noted the obligation of the state's monopoly over weapons. The minister of information prohibited the National News Agency from referring to Hezbollah as "jihad fighters" or "resistance."; Lebanese authorities stated that at least 850 people had been killed since the beginning of the Israeli attacks and that nearly one million people had been displaced.
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Hezbollah’s Use of Force During the Current Fighting Against Israel

During the night of March 1-2, 2026, Hezbollah fired rockets at northern Israel for the first time since the ceasefire which went into effect on November 27, 2024. A day later, after a series of Israeli attacks on Lebanon, Hezbollah announced it would resume the war on Israel and began attacking military and civilian targets inside Israel and IDF forces in south Lebanon. Since March 3, Hezbollah has claimed responsibility for more than 280 rocket, missile, UAV, and other attacks; Hezbollah represented the attacks as "defensive" and in response to the Israeli attacks since the ceasefire, claiming they had no choice because the efforts of the Lebanese government to stop the "aggression" had failed. Hezbollah secretary general Na'im Qassem confirmed that the Israeli-American campaign against Iran and the elimination of Iran's leader Khamenei had provided "the appropriate timing" to resume fighting; Hezbollah's conditions for stopping the attacks are an end to the Israeli attacks and the withdrawal of IDF forces from Lebanese territory, the release of the Lebanese held by Israel and the return of the displaced to their homes in south Lebanon. The organization also wants to return to its self-declared "deterrent equation" with Israel, in effect until Hezbollah attacked Israel to "support the Gaza Strip" on October 8, 2023; Hezbollah's secretary general said they had learned the lessons of the previous war with Israel and had shifted to decentralized fighting; Hezbollah also exploited the renewed hostilities to entrench its positions regarding the Lebanese government's plan to disarm the organization; Iran and Hezbollah admitted that they were carrying out combined and coordinated missile and UAV attacks against Israel; In ITIC assessment, Hezbollah's activity since the beginning of the current attacks indicates command and control capabilities which enable it to carry out combined attacks, both by units deployed in different areas of Lebanon and in coordination with Iran, as well as the ability to control and gradually escalate the fighting. In addition, decentralization and the combination of ground encounters and long-range fire enable Hezbollah to preserve operational continuity even under continued Israeli attacks and to disperse the centers of activity along the border. The friction with IDF forces in south Lebanon indicates the limitations of the Lebanese government after its army claimed it had achieved operational control south of the Litani River as part of implementing the state's monopoly on weapons. Hezbollah will apparently continue attacking in coordination with Iran and try to end the current round of fighting with a temporary arrangement which will allow it to rebuild its military capabilities and continue its opposition to disarmament.
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (March 4-11, 2026)

The IDF continued its strikes in Iran and Lebanon against operatives and infrastructure of the IRGC Qods Force that supported the financing and military buildup of Hezbollah and other terrorist organizations operating against Israel. Iran claimed that four Qods Force operatives killed in Beirut were diplomats; Due to IDF threats, it was reported that dozens of IRGC operatives had left Lebanon. However, according to Iran’s ambassador in Beirut, the diplomatic mission is operating normally, and only the families of diplomats and “a group of Iranians residing in Lebanon” left the city; The Houthis have not yet intervened in the confrontation involving Iran, Israel, and the United States, but the movement’s leader said they are ready to act depending on developments in the region; Pro-Iranian militias in Iraq claimed responsibility for about one hundred attacks using missiles, rockets, and drones against American bases and facilities in Iraq, Jordan, and Gulf countries. A spokesman for one militia claimed that there is full coordination among all components of the Axis of Resistance in the Middle East regarding the operation of forces against Israel and the United States; It was reported that some militias fear continued attacks could lead to a broad American response against them.
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