Iran

Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (March 31 – April 8, 2025)

IDF forces continued operations against Hezbollah's efforts to rebuild its military-terrorist capabilities and against the organization's presence in south Lebanon in violation of the ceasefire agreement, eliminating field commanders and operatives. A Hezbollah operative and a member of the Iranian Qods Force who assisted Hamas in planning an attack against Israelis were eliminated in an attack in the Dahiyeh al-Janoubia in Beirut and a senior Hamas commander was eliminated in an attack in Sidon; Hezbollah demanded that Lebanese state institutions take action against the "Israeli violations" and warned that the "resistance" was ready to use all its means available. Lebanese government officials condemned Israel and accused it of violating the ceasefire and UN Security Council Resolution 1701; Senior Lebanese officials met with Morgan Ortagus, the United States deputy special envoy to the Middle East and discussed implementing the ceasefire, disarming Hezbollah and economic reforms. Ortagus said Lebanon had to act with the United States to disarm Hezbollah and end corruption, warning Lebanon it was the country's "last opportunity."; The Lebanese minister of transportation confirmed that attempts to smuggle funds to Hezbollah through Beirut International Airport had been foiled and there was no date for resuming flights from Iran. The security clearances of Hezbollah supporters working at the airport were reportedly revoked. Hezbollah has reportedly begun smuggling weapons by sea to the Port of Beirut.
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (March 26 – April 2, 2025)

“World Jerusalem Day” rallies were held throughout Iran and in the countries of the “Shiite axis” on the last Friday of the month of Ramadan. The event was exploited by senior figures in Iran and the “resistance front” to emphasize support for the Palestinians and resistance to Israel; The Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesperson condemned Israel’s attack in Beirut and called on the international community to act to stop the Israeli attacks in Lebanon; Iran’s ambassador to Iraq made it clear that US President Trump’s demand to dismantle the pro-Iranian Iraqi militias or merge them into the Iraqi armed forces is unacceptable to Tehran. However, it was reported that the Shiite forces in Iraq agreed to discuss merging the militias under the “Popular Mobilization” framework. The Houthis reportedly established a new force called the Hassan Nasrallah Battalion to operate in Iraq; The Houthis claimed responsibility for two missile attacks against Israel. The IDF Spokesperson said that all the missiles were intercepted before they penetrated Israeli territory; The United States continued its attacks against Houthi military targets and reinforced its air forces in the region. The Houthis claimed responsibility for attacks against the aircraft carrier Harry S. Truman in the Red Sea, claiming that American “aggression” does not affect them.
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (March 19-26, 2025)

In a speech on the occasion of the Iranian New Year (Nowruz), the Supreme Leader praised the “resistance” against Israel and stressed Iran’s support for the Palestinian and Lebanese “resistance.”; The Iranian foreign minister spoke with his counterparts in the region about regional developments and condemned Israel’s “aggression” in the Gaza Strip and the US actions in Yemen. Iran also condemned the IDF attacks in Lebanon and called for international intervention to stop them; The commander of the Qods Force visited Iraq and met with the commanders of the pro-Iranian Shiite militias amid the American attacks in Iraq, the renewed fighting in the Gaza Strip, and the ongoing American pressure on the Iraqi government to disarm the militias; The Houthis claimed responsibility for six attacks against Israel using missiles and drones, most of them against Ben Gurion Airport. The IDF Spokesperson stated that five launches from Yemen towards Israel were intercepted before entering Israeli territory; The United States continued its attacks against Houthi military targets. The Houthis, in response, claimed they had attacked the aircraft carrier Harry S. Truman in the Red Sea. 
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (March 12—19, 2025)

The Iranian Supreme Leader reiterated Iran’s support for the “resistance” in the region and stressed that there is a consensus among senior Iranian regime figures on the issue; Iran and the Shiite militias strongly condemned the renewal of Israeli attacks in the Gaza Strip. The Houthis launched a ballistic missile at Israel, for the first time since the start of the ceasefire in the Gaza Strip in January 2025, and threatened escalation if the Israeli attacks continued; Senior Iranian officials expressed dissatisfaction with the recent developments in Syria: The chairman of the Majles National Security Committee declared that the violent incidents in the Syrian coastal area had exposed the true face of Syria’s new rulers, and the Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman noted that Israel is the only beneficiary of the clashes that took place on the Syria-Lebanon border; The United States launched a large-scale military offensive against the Houthis in Yemen and threatened to take action against Iran if aid to the Houthis continued. The Houthis announced dozens of deaths and claimed to have carried out at least four attacks against the American aircraft carrier in the Red Sea. Senior Iranian officials strongly condemned the American attacks and denied Iranian involvement in Houthi activity.
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Spotlight on Terrorism, February 2025

During February 2025 fighting continued in Judea and Samaria. In the Gaza Strip, the ceasefire which began on January 19, 2025, continued. The ceasefire between Israel and Hezbollah also continued. The Houthis and the pro-Iranian militias in Iraq did not attack Israel. Israel, Judea and Samaria: Palestinians carried out four terrorist attacks, killing three Israelis; there were five attacks in January. Israeli security forces continued counterterrorism operations throughout Judea and Samaria, continuing their extensive operation in northern Samaria. Terrorist operatives and commanders of terrorist organizations were eliminated in exchanges of fire and aerial strikes.  The Gaza Strip: The ceasefire between Israel and Hamas continued. IDF forces attacked suspicious Gazans who approached them in various areas of the Strip. Three rockets launched from the Gaza Strip did not reach Israeli territory.  Lebanon: IDF forces withdrew from south Lebanon on February 18, 2025, except for five strategic points near the border. The IDF continued actions against Hezbollah’s attempts to violate the November 27, 2024 ceasefire understandings and against the organization’s efforts to rebuild itself. Terrorist operatives were eliminated and military facilities were attacked. A senior Hamas operative was eliminated and other terrorist organizations operating in Lebanon announced operatives had been killed in IDF strikes. The Shi’ite militias: Since January 19, 2025, when the ceasefire in the Gaza Strip went into effect, the Houthis have not attacked Israel or Israeli shipping. The pro-Iranian militias in Iraq have not claimed responsibility for attacking Israel since November 24, 2024, and negotiations between the Iraqi government and the militias regarding their disarmament continued.
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Hamas’ strategy to destroy Israel: from theory into practice, as seen in captured documents

The idea that the very existence of the State of Israel ("the Zionist entity") is illegal and immoral has been ingrained in Hamas' worldview since its founding. However, for Hamas, aware of its military and political limitations, the issue of "the destruction of Israel" remained a vision for the future, while the movement focused on the narrative that "not losing is a victory."; After the Saif al-Quds campaign (Operation Guardian of the Walls) in May 2021, Hamas' approach began to shift, as the movement came to believe that the destruction of Israel had become a goal that could actually be achieved. The change was reflected in a series of public statements by Hamas leaders, although they could have been perceived on the Israeli side (and probably were) as boasts; Hamas documents taken from Gaza during the Gaza Strip War confirm what Hamas officials had publicly stated and indicate that the plan to eliminate the State of Israel had been regarded in recent years, especially after Operation Guardian of the Walls, by the Hamas leadership, especially Yahya al-Sinwar (as well as by its allies, Iran and Hezbollah), as executable and highly feasible in the near future. Those were not just empty words, they were backed by the development of practical plans and ongoing coordination between the elements of the "resistance axis." They felt Israel had become vulnerable while Hamas and other 'resistance' forces had grown stronger. The strategic shift by Hamas was not understood at all by Israel; In ITIC assessment, the severe blow suffered by Hamas and most elements of the "resistance axis" will probably push back the play to destroy Israel, returning it to the level of a vision for the future. In the long run, if Hamas recovers and receives support from Iran, it is not improbable that the movement could once again regard destroying Israel as a practical plan.
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