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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (January 1-8, 2025)

Senior Iranian figures continued to express confidence in the ability of the “resistance front” to overcome the challenges it faces amid the recent developments in the region, which have undermined its capabilities, and to emphasize Iran’s determination to continue its support for the “resistance.” These statements may indicate Iran’s intention to try to maintain some of its influence in Syria by strengthening and encouraging trends of destabilizing the country over time; An Iranian plane was detained at the Beirut airport on suspicion of transferring funds intended for Hezbollah. The incident drew criticism in Tehran, although the Iranian diplomats on the plane were eventually allowed to bring in the bags containing the money; The commander of the IRGC’s Qods Force visited Baghdad and met with senior Iraqi government officials and commanders of the pro-Iranian Shiite militias. He reportedly made it clear that Tehran would not interfere in any decision by the Iraqi government regarding the future of the militias considering the pressure to disarm them; The Houthis claimed responsibility for six attacks against Israel using ballistic missiles and drones. The IDF Spokesperson reported the interception of two missiles and a drone, and senior Houthi regime officials claimed that the defense systems deployed in Israel were unable to cope with the missile launches; The Houthis claimed responsibility for an attack on an American aircraft carrier in the Red Sea. The claim has not been verified. The US Central Command reported attacks against underground facilities for storing Houthi weapons.
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Spotlight on Syria (Following the Toppling of the Syrian Regime) January 1 – 8, 2025

Between October 8, 2023, when Hezbollah first attacked Israel "to support" the Gaza Strip during the Hamas terrorist attack and massacre which began the previous day, and the ceasefire which went into effect on November 27, 2024, the organization used a wide range of weapons to attack Israeli civilian and military targets. It used various types of rockets, ballistic missiles, UAVs, anti-tank missiles, artillery shells and surface-to-air missiles; Hezbollah deployed its forces in such a way that each escalation saw the introduction of new weapons intended to increase the range, effectiveness and intensity of its attacks on Israel; The vast majority of the weapons were manufactured in Iran and Russia and smuggled to Hezbollah via direct flights from Iran or convoys passing through Syrian territory. the organization also produced its own weapons; This study reviews the weapons used by Hezbollah beginning on October 8, 2023; The variety of weapons used by Hezbollah reflected the organization's advanced military capabilities acquired in the years between the Second Lebanon War in 2006 and the start of the fighting in October 2023, as well as its operational capabilities against Israel, both near the border and in its ability to threaten targets deep within Israel. Despite the extensive damage inflicted by the IDF on Hezbollah's weapons capabilities during the current conflict, in ITIC assessment the organization still possesses capabilities and knowledge which will enable it to continue posing a threat unless it is completely disarmed throughout Lebanon.
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Weapons Used by Hezbollah Against Israel, October 8, 2023 to November 27, 2024

Between October 8, 2023, when Hezbollah first attacked Israel "to support" the Gaza Strip during the Hamas terrorist attack and massacre which began the previous day, and the ceasefire which went into effect on November 27, 2024, the organization used a wide range of weapons to attack Israeli civilian and military targets. It used various types of rockets, ballistic missiles, UAVs, anti-tank missiles, artillery shells and surface-to-air missiles; Hezbollah deployed its forces in such a way that each escalation saw the introduction of new weapons intended to increase the range, effectiveness and intensity of its attacks on Israel; The vast majority of the weapons were manufactured in Iran and Russia and smuggled to Hezbollah via direct flights from Iran or convoys passing through Syrian territory. the organization also produced its own weapons; This study reviews the weapons used by Hezbollah beginning on October 8, 2023; The variety of weapons used by Hezbollah reflected the organization's advanced military capabilities acquired in the years between the Second Lebanon War in 2006 and the start of the fighting in October 2023, as well as its operational capabilities against Israel, both near the border and in its ability to threaten targets deep within Israel. Despite the extensive damage inflicted by the IDF on Hezbollah's weapons capabilities during the current conflict, in ITIC assessment the organization still possesses capabilities and knowledge which will enable it to continue posing a threat unless it is completely disarmed throughout Lebanon.
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah Lebanon (December 30 ,2024 – January 6, 2025)

The IDF continued operations to prevent Hezbollah from violating the ceasefire, targeting Hezbollah operatives and destroying weapons and terrorist facilities in south Lebanon; Na'im Qassem, Hezbollah secretary general, and other senior organization figures reiterated their "commitment" to the ceasefire, saying that the Lebanese government and army should address "Israeli violations." They also warned that the organization might resume attacks if Israel did not complete its withdrawal by the end of the 60-day ceasefire; Nabih Berri, the speaker of the Lebanese Parliament, and Najib Mikati, prime minister of the Lebanese interim government, expressed concern over reports that Israel was going to extend the ceasefire beyond January 27, 2025, and keep its forces in south Lebanon. According to reports, the American general heading the oversight committee told the Lebanese that Israel would continue its operations because of the Lebanese Army's inability to clear the area of Hezbollah; Hezbollah officially announced the launch of Lebanon's reconstruction campaign, stating that Iran would provide the necessary funding. A senior Hezbollah figure said the organization had restored its capabilities and warned its opponents in Lebanon "not to test us"; Lebanese security forces searched an Iranian plane on suspicion it was carrying funds for Hezbollah. The editor of a Hezbollah-affiliated daily accused the forces of capitulating to American pressure; Nabih Berri, the speaker of the Lebanese Parliament, said he would not adjourn the session to elect a new president on January 9, 2025, until a consensus candidate had been found. Hezbollah said that it would not veto the candidacy of Joseph Aoun, commander of the Lebanese Army. 
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Spotlight on Iran and the Shiite Axis (December 25, 2024 – January 1, 2025)

Iran rejected the claims regarding its alleged involvement in incitement and encouragement of sectarian riots in Syria and stressed its desire to establish stability and security in the country. In addition, Iran emphasized the need to end Israel’s military presence in Syria.Senior Iranian officials reiterated that the recent events in the region do not herald the weakening of the “resistance front,” especially of Hezbollah. The IRGC deputy commander declared that the “Zionist regime” would not exist within a few years.The IRGC commander praised the continued activity of the Houthis in Yemen against Israel. Iran’s representative to the United Nations rejected Israel’s claims of Iranian military involvement in Yemen.The Houthis claimed responsibility for seven attacks against Israel using missiles and drones. Three missiles were intercepted, and a drone fell in an open area. There were no casualties. The Israeli Air Force carried out another attack in Yemen, including at Sana’a International Airport. The United States also attacked Houthi targets in Yemen.The secretary-general of the Nujaba Movement confirmed that an agreement had been reached with the Iraqi government to stop attacks by pro-Iranian militias against Israel.
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