Hamas

Sheikh Na’im Qassem, Hezbollah’s Newly – Appointed Secretary General

On October 29, 2024, Hezbollah announced that the Shura Council had appointed Sheikh Na'im Qassem as the organization's new secretary general, replacing Hassan Nasrallah, who was killed in an Israeli strike on Beirut on September 27, 2024. In his first speech Qassem pledged to continue in Nasrallah's path and said Hezbollah would end the current war against Israel only on its own terms; Qassem is one of Hezbollah's founders and has served as the deputy secretary general since 1991. However, he has no military training and is considered the organization's chief ideologue, focusing on Hezbollah's political and social aspects; One of Hezbollah's most important spokesmen, in his books and public statements he has justified the "resistance" against Israel and denied its right to exist. He has also admitted that Hezbollah operates according to directives from Iran; Qassem was not considered the leading candidate to replace Hassan Nasrallah, but he was appointed by default after the elimination of Hashem Safi al-Din, the head of Hezbollah's Executive Council, who had been marked as Nasrallah's designated successor. In ITIC assessment, the objective of appointing Na'im Qassem was to represent continuity within the organization's leadership during ongoing combat with Israel, with Hezbollah likely to choose a permanent secretary general after a lasting ceasefire has been achieved. Despite Qassem’s long role in Hezbollah, his lack of military experience means Iran can be expected to oversee Hezbollah’s fighting by means of representatives from the Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps and its Qods Force, and to influence Hezbollah's combat against Israel and decisions regarding a potential ceasefire.
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Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (October 14 – 29 , 2024)

According to reports, Hamas would not elect a successor to Yahya al-Sinwar as the new head of its political bureau until March 2025 and would rely on the leadership of a committee composed of five senior members; IDF forces continued operations in the northern Gaza Strip, focusing on the Jabalia refugee camp and Beit Lahia, and in the central and southern regions of the Strip. Fourteen IDF soldiers were killed; Negotiations continued for a hostages and ceasefire agreement mediated by Egypt and Qatar. Senior Hamas figures did not reject the Egyptian president's proposal for a short ceasefire and the release of four Israeli hostages in exchange for Palestinian prisoners, but Hamas continues to demand a complete end to the war, full Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and the reconstruction of the Strip; Israel, Judea and Samaria: There were five terrorist attacks. An Israeli police officer and a civilian were killed, and others were injured. Israeli security forces continued counterterrorism activities throughout Judea and Samaria; Mahmoud Abbas and senior Palestinian Authority figures continued activities in the international arena, accusing Israel of committing "genocide" and calling on the international community to impose sanctions on Israel unless it withdrew from Palestinian territories.
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The Elimination of Yahya al-Sinwar, Head of Hamas: Reactions and Insights

On October 17, 2024, the IDF spokesperson announced that Yahya al-Sinwar, head of Hamas' political bureau, had been killed in an encounter with IDF forces while he was hiding in a building in Rafah. The IDF spokesperson reported that al-Sinwar's identity became clear only after his body was discovered and that it had not been a targeted killing; Only a day later did Hamas confirm the death of al-Sinwar, who was appointed head of the political bureau at the beginning of September 2024 after the elimination of Isma'il Haniyeh. The movement's announcements praised al-Sinwar's role in leading Operation al-Aqsa Flood (the October 7, 2023 attack and massacre) and his death in a clash with IDF forces, adding that they would continue their "resistance" and would not change their conditions for ending the war in the Gaza Strip and releasing the hostages; The Palestinian Authority and the other Palestinian terrorist organizations condemned the killing, stating he was a symbol of the "resistance" and claiming he had been killed while facing the "enemy"; Iran and the rest of the "resistance axis" stated that al-Sinwar was a "fighter" and a symbol of the "resistance," and promised to continue their support for the Palestinian "resistance." Hamas and "resistance axis" supporters on the social networks praised al-Sinwar as having stood up to the "enemy" until the last minute, while Hamas opponents did not hide their satisfaction at his death; In ITIC assessment, his death might increase the importance of the "external" leadership in Qatar, but it is possible that Hamas will not reveal the name of the new leader to make it difficult for Israel to eliminate him or exert pressure on him in the negotiations. In ITIC assessment, al-Sinwar's brother, Muhammad al-Sinwar, is expected to fill his place in the leadership of Hamas in the Gaza Strip, both at the "political" and the military level. In ITIC assessment, in the near future the Hamas leadership will not change its positions regarding negotiations to end the war in the Gaza Strip, which are demands for a complete halt to the fighting, a complete withdrawal of IDF forces from the Strip, and the release of Palestinian prisoners from Israeli prisons, especially the prisoners with blood on their hands, in exchange for the release of the hostages. However, if the "external" Hamas leadership becomes the dominant actor, it may be possible to exert sufficient pressure to achieve flexibility regarding the details of the deal and the future leadership in the Gaza Strip.
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Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (October 7 – 14 , 2024)

The IDF forces operated in the southern, central and northern Gaza Strip, where they focused their activity on the Jebalya region. The forces attacked terrorist facilities and Hamas terrorist operatives operating from within civilian locations. Several Hamas operatives who participated in the terrorist attack and massacre on October 7, 2023 were eliminated. Four IDF soldiers were killed. Terrorists fired rockets and launched UAVs into Israeli territory. Hamas said there was no progress in the negotiations for a ceasefire and a hostage deal because the movement was committed to its previous positions, which include Israel's complete withdrawal from Gaza, the release of Palestinian prisoners and the reconstruction of the Strip. According to reports, immediately after having been elected as the leader of Hamas, al-Sinwar ordered a return to suicide bombing attacks. Following his order, an attack was attempted in Tel Aviv. Despite the talks that took place in Cairo between representatives of Hamas and the Palestinian Authority regarding "the day after," there are still many disputes and disagreements. An Israeli civilian was killed and others were injured in a stabbing in Hadera. The Israeli security forces continued counterterrorism activities. Five residents of Taybeh, members of ISIS, were detained on suspicion of planning to attack the Azrieli Towers in Tel Aviv with a car bomb. Palestinian Authority (PA) figures congratulated Bolivia for joining the lawsuit against Israel at the International Court of Justice, and Nicaragua for severing diplomatic relations with Israel. Mahmoud Abbas underwent surgery to have a pacemaker inserted. The activities of the PA security forces in Tubas were criticized.
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah, Lebanon and Syria (October 7 – 14 ,2024)

IDF forces continued their maneuver in south Lebanon. The forces eliminated hundreds of terrorist operatives, located and destroyed terrorist facilities hidden in civilian sites and located large quantities of weapons. The IDF continued airstrikes on Hezbollah targets in Beirut and throughout Lebanon, and carried out targeted attacks of senior Hezbollah terrorists and terrorists operatives on the ground. An IDF soldier was killed. A UAV hit an IDF base, killing four IDF soldiers and injuring dozens. Hezbollah claimed responsibility for the attack and for 152 attacks on targets in Israel and IDF forces in south Lebanon. Na'im Qassem, Hezbollah deputy secretary general, gave a speech describing the organization's difficulties after the death of Hassan Nasrallah, adding that they were in the process of choosing a new secretary general. He claimed the IDF had no successes in Lebanon, said he supported Hamas and contacts for a ceasefire in Lebanon, not conditioning it in a ceasefire in the Gaza Strip. According to increasing reports, Wafiq Safa, chairman of Hezbollah's Executive Council was injured in an Israeli attack. Hezbollah continues the batting for hearts and minds by publishing propaganda videos of attacking IDF soldiers and collecting information within Israel. Lebanon authorities said that more than 2,250 people had been killed in Lebanon since the beginning of the fighting on October 8, 2023, and more than 1.2 million people were displaced. Lebanon's political leadership called for a ceasefire. UNIFIL reported that several of its soldiers were wounded and positions damaged in south Lebanon by IDF activities. The UN and various countries condemned the attacks. The IDF reported that Hezbollah fired rockets and launched missiles from areas close to UNIFIL forces. Syria has reported attacks attributed to Israel in the Damascus and al-Quneitra region.
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Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (October 1 – 8 , 2024)

One year since the October 7 Hamas attack and massacre: Senior Hamas figures marked the first anniversary of the start of Operation al-Aqsa Flood with messages "justifying" the attack and praising the Palestinian "resistance" and throughout the Middle East, alongside accusing Israel of committing "genocide"; IDF forces began extensive activity in the Jebalya refugee camp and Beit Lahia in the northern Gaza Strip, alongside continued activity in the central and southern Gaza Strip, and attacks on Hamas facilities operating from civilian locations. An IDF fighter was killed fighting in the northern Gaza Strip. Eighteen rockets were fired from the Gaza Strip into Israeli territory, including at the Greater Tel Aviv area, most of them on October 7, 2024; Yahya al-Sinwar, head of the Hamas political bureau in the Gaza Strip, renewed contact with Qatar after several weeks of inactivity. A senior Hamas terrorist rejected a proposal to exile the movement's leadership to Sudan. The spokesman for the Hamas military wing warned that IDF activity endangered the lives of the hostages; The Palestinian Authority prime minister announced the establishment of a national working party for reconstructing the Gaza Strip. Hamas and Fatah delegations arrived in Cairo to discuss the establishment of a "national consensus" government and the post-war management of the Strip; A Hamas delegation met with the president of Iran. Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad congratulated Iran for attacking Israel with ballistic missiles; This past week Palestinian terrorists carried out three attacks, murdering seven civilians and a policewoman. The Israeli security forces continued their counterterrorism activities in Judea and Samaria; at least 12 terrorist operatives were killed in an airstrike in Tulkarm.
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