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Financing Terrorism

Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (May 27 – June 3, 2025)

IDF forces continued extensive aerial and ground attacks on terrorist targets of Hamas and other terrorist organizations in the Gaza Strip. Three IDF soldiers and an Israeli civilian employee of the IDF were killed in two explosive device incidents in the northern Gaza Strip. The IDF spokesperson officially announced the elimination of Muhammad al-Sinwar, the head of Hamas’ military wing; Israel and Hamas disagreed over the ceasefire agreement proposed by United States envoy Steve Witkoff. Hamas said that while they were open to negotiations, they would not release hostages without sufficient guarantees for ending the war; The American company established to distribute humanitarian aid in Gaza reported that approximately six million packages had been distributed at four centers in the southern and central Gaza Strip. Reports of the increasing looting of aid trucks and food warehouses led Hamas security forces to execute suspects; A ship of pro-Palestinian activists set sail from Sicily toward the Gaza Strip in an attempt to “break the siege; Israeli security forces continued extensive counterterrorism operations in Judea and Samaria, during which about $2 million intended for financing terrorism was seized; Palestinian Authority chairman Mahmoud Abbas held an online meeting with a delegation of Arab foreign ministers after Israel prevented them from arriving in Ramallah.
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Khaled Mashal, Hamas’ “external” leader, is a controversial figure, as documented in documents found by the IDF in the Gaza Strip

Khaled Mashal, who has headed the Hamas “external” leadership since April 2021, is one of the founders of the movement, was head of its political bureau for 21 years. Nevertheless, he is considered a controversial figure who symbolizes the tension between the “external” leadership and the “internal” leadership in the Gaza Strip; Hamas documents found by the IDF during the war in the Gaza Strip provided evidence of power struggles in the movement’s upper echelons. The documents described how the “internal” leadership, led by Yahya al-Sinwar, sought to weaken Mashal’s influence in the Hamas decision-making centers; The documents also showed Mashal was perceived as an obstacle to strategic relations with Iran, by both al-Sinwar and Ismail Haniyeh, and by Mohammad Saeed Izadi, head of the "Palestine branch" of Iran’s Qods Force; The documents showed that the “internal” leadership and Iran worked to isolate Mashal during the reconciliation process with Syria as part of strengthening the “resistance axis"; Hamas is now led by a temporary committee of five senior figures, including Mashal. Elections for the senior positions in the movement’s leadership are expected to take place only after the end of the war in the Gaza Strip. However, in light of the eliminations of many members of the “internal” civilian and military leadership, the importance of the “external” leadership is expected to increase, particularly that of Mashal, who has lost his main rivals in the movement’s upper echelons. In addition, Iran’s regional weakening and the downfall of the Assad regime in Syria may also reduce opposition to Mashal’s power.
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Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (May 20 – 27, 2025)

IDF forces continued attacking Hamas and other terrorist organization targets in the Gaza Strip from the air and on the ground, and ordered local residents to evacuate from the northern Gaza Strip and the Khan Yunis area. An IDF soldier was killed in the southern Gaza Strip; There were reportedly intensive diplomatic contacts in Egypt and Qatar in an attempt to reach a ceasefire agreement and secure the release of hostages. Hamas claimed they were “open minded” and willing to consider any proposal that would end the war and lead to the IDF’s withdrawal from the Gaza Strip; The American company established to distribute humanitarian aid in the Gaza Strip began operating in Rafah. There were reports that aid trucks, warehouses and bakeries were looted because of a flour shortage; A terrorist operative was killed in a stabbing attack at a checkpoint in Hebron; there were no casualties. Israeli security forces continued counterterrorism operations in Judea and Samaria, including the detention of terrorist squads responsible for shooting attacks. At least 19 Palestinians released from Israeli prisons in the hostage deal were reportedly detained again. Security forces also took action against branches of a currency exchange company suspected of ties to terrorist organizations; Palestinian Authority chairman Mahmoud Abbas visited Lebanon and discussed disarming the Palestinian refugee camps. 
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Challenges Faced by Hezbolla after the November 27, 2024 ceasfire

 The Israel-Lebanon ceasefire agreement of November 27, 2024, which ended the fighting that began on October 8, 2023, placed Hezbollah at a crossroads, the most significant since the organization's founding in 1982. Its situation was the result of the loss of its top leadership, primarily secretary general Hassan Nasrallah and his designated successor Hashem Safi al-Din, as well as commanders and thousands of operatives. In addition, key military-terrorist capabilities and infrastructure were destroyed and the organization's status inside Lebanon was damaged.
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (May 12 – 19, 2025)

IDF forces continued operations targeting Hezbollah’s presence in south Lebanon, which is in violation of the ceasefire, preventing the organization from rebuilding its military capabilities. The forces eliminated Hezbollah terrorist field commanders and operatives in south Lebanon; Hezbollah secretary general Na'im Qassem called on Lebanese state institutions to increase pressure on Israel against its "ongoing aggression and violations." He also admitted that Iran had served the "resistance” and that they had benefited from it in every respect; Lebanese leaders claimed that American-led international pressure should compel Israel to withdraw from south Lebanon and halt its attacks in the country. Lebanese President Aoun said Hezbollah had to understand it had no choice but to accept the concept of the state's monopoly on weapons, but added that it had to be achieved through dialogue and not hastily, to avoid confrontation; The United States is reportedly pressuring the Lebanese government to shut down Hezbollah’s financial arm; An indictment was filed against a person affiliated with Hezbollah accused of collaborating with Israel by providing information enabling Israel to target senior Hezbollah terrorists during and after the war; Lebanon is preparing for a visit by Palestinian Authority chairman Mahmoud Abbas, who is expected to discuss the disarmament of armed Palestinian "factions" in the refugee camps. President Aoun questioned whether Palestinian arms were truly meant "to liberate Palestine" or to kill Palestinians and Lebanese.
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (May 5 – 12, 2025)

IDF forces continued taking action against Hezbollah's presence in south Lebanon, which violates the ceasefire, and against the organization's efforts to renew its military capabilities. The IDF attacked a Hezbollah underground compound in the Beaufort Ridge and eliminated several Hezbollah operatives. A senior operative in Hamas' military wing in Lebanon was also eliminated; Hezbollah accused Israel of more than 3,100 “violations” since the start of the ceasefire in November 2024 and claimed 156 people had been killed. Senior Hezbollah figures criticized the government and accused it of weakness in the face of Israeli “aggression."; Senior Lebanese officials condemned the Israeli “violations” and demanded a full withdrawal of IDF forces from Lebanese territory; UNIFIL’s commander said UN forces had discovered more than 200 weapons cache sites and warned that the situation in south Lebanon remained fragile; The Lebanese foreign minister warned that Hezbollah’s stance weakened Lebanon; Senior Hezbollah figures are reportedly pressuring secretary general Na'im Qassem to hold new elections for the Shura Council and hold senior officials who failed during the war with Israel accountable for their failure; Dozens of workers at Beirut Airport were reportedly fired over suspected ties with Hezbollah, part of the government's effort to prevent arms smuggling; A senior Hamas figure in Lebanon claimed they were committed to the ceasefire and the movement had not yet been asked to hand over its weapons.
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