Terror Financing

Special Information
Bulletin

Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center
at the Center for Special Studies (C.S.S)

November 2004

Marketing of terrorism through the Internet: The marketing of Hamas' messages of hatred and terrorism through an extensive network consisting of approx. 20 active websites. These websites are serviced by various companies worldwide, primarily by East European and East Asian companies (first priority) and US companies (second priority)

The upper part of the main page on Hamas' Izz al-Din al-Qassam website.
The website is serviced by a Malaysian company.

Overview

Palestinian and international terrorist organizations alike make massive use of the Internet as an important means for the uncensored and uncontrolled dissemination of terrorist-supportive propaganda, as well as for maintaining communication between the organizations (and the headquarters) and their infrastructures and target audiences (separated in many cases by geographical distances).

Terrorism marketing through the Internet has become all the more important in the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks. Using the Internet, the various terrorist organizations are able to sidestep, with relative ease, the impediments imposed on their activities by the world governments (including the American administration) and, unhindered by either effective monitoring or censorship, disseminate their messages while taking advantage of the liberal approach and freedom of expression prevalent in Western countries.

he document aims to examine the Hamas movement's Internet infrastructure as an additional case study ¹ of the marketing of terrorist propaganda through the Internet.

Characteristics of the Hamas movement's Internet infrastructure

The Hamas movement ascribes a high level of importance to spreading its propaganda through the Internet. Over the years, the movement has created an extensive and complex Internet infrastructure (including websites in 7 languages), distributing massive amounts of information both on current happenings as well as on Hamas' fundamental issues. This infrastructure, supported, in our assessment, by significant financial resources, includes approximately 20 active
websites ², placing Hamas at the top of the list of Palestinian terrorist organizations making use of the Internet.

What follows is a list of Hamas' various websites and the present situation as regards the Internet service providers (ISP) used by the organization ³, based on the findings of examinations we have conducted ⁴. The websites are divided into four groups based on our assessment of their relative significance for the Hamas movement.

Characteristics of Hamas' websites: First priority group of websites

www.palestine-info.com: The Hamas movement's official and primary website. A news portal in Arabic, it is supported by several secondary websites. It contains information on the Hamas movement and its history, official announcements made by the movement, interviews with Hamas seniors, incitement against Israel and messages praising terrorism and its perpetrators.

The website's manager (and, probably, the manager of other Hamas websites ⁵) is Nizar Hassan Suleiman Hussein, a senior Hamas activist in Lebanon (Beirut). It is our assessment that he is guided by the Hamas leadership in Damascus. His everyday activities include holding contacts with supporting parties abroad, in countries such as the UAE, Sweden and Russia ⁶. His address, according to the whois.net website:

Nizar al-Hussein
P.O. Box 68/25
Beirut, na LB
Tel: +9745829460 ⁷
nizar@palestine-info.com

Palestine-info, the main website, is supported by six secondary websites in different languages ⁸:

www.palestine-info.co.uk, the official Hamas website in the English language;
www.palestine-info.c c, the offi cial Hamas website in the French language.
www.palestine-info.ru , the offi cial Hamas website in the Russian language;
www.infopalestina.com , the offi cial Hamas website in the Malay language;
www.palestine-info-urdu.com, the official Hamas website in Urdu (the official language of Pakistan ).
www.palestine-persian.info, the official Hamas website in Farsi.

The above group of websites, as mentioned, is of prime significance among Hamas' websites. Following are additional groups of websites that can be classified as second, third and fourth priority websites.

The second priority group of websites:
1. www.alqassam.info: This is the official site of the Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades, the Hamas movement's operative-terrorist wing. The website, updated online, distributes video clips (suicide bombers' wills, displays of weaponry), messages issued by the organization and claims of responsibility for acts of terrorism, praise of suicide bombers, and messages of incitement to hatred and the encouragement of terrorism.
2. www.hamasonline.com: A well-designed English-language website affiliated with Hamas. It is primarily aimed at target audiences abroad. The website, updated online, contains publications on current events, encouragement of terrorism against Israel and praise of suicide bombers
Third-priority websites—official publications:
1. www.fm-m.com: The official website of Hamas' Filastin al-Muslimah, a monthly periodical distributed from London.
2. www.aqsavoice.com: The website of Al-Aqsa Voice, a radio station associated with Hamas.
3. www.al-fateh.net: The website of Al-Fateh, a children's magazine associated with Hamas.
4. www.alresala.org: The website of Al-Resala, a weekly periodical published in Gaza.
5. www.palestinegallery.com: An official Hamas website containing videos, slideshows and images documenting the jihad (holy war) against Israel.
Fourth-priority websites—all the rest:
1. www.palestinianforum.net: Hamas' official message board website.
2. www.rantisi.net: A website dedicated to former Hamas leader Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi.
3. www.sabiroon.net: A Hamas-associated website dedicated to supporting terrorist operatives, including suicide bombers.
4. www.alkotla.net: The website of the Islamic Bloc, Hamas' student movement.
5. www.islamic-block.org: The website of the Hamas-associated student movement in the
  Al-Najah University ⁹

10.

The following conclusions arise from an analysis of Hamas' Internet service providers (as at October 25, 2004):

Hamas' primary group of websites (palestine-info) is serviced—directly or through subcontractors—by East European companies: 2 Russian companies and 2 Ukrainian companies. Hamas' second choice for Internet service providers are East Asian companies: a Malaysian company and an Indonesian company. This group of websites is also serviced by an American company and a Dubai company.
The second-priority group of websites (alqassam.info, hamasonline) is serviced—directly or through subcontractors—by companies based in Malaysia, UK and the US.
The third-priority group of websites (official publications) is serviced—directly or through subcontractors—by four US companies and a Russian company.
The fourth-priority group of websites (all the rest) is serviced—directly or through subcontractors—by three companies based in the US and one company based in Singapore.

11.

The analysis of the Internet service providers is an indication, in our assessment, of a deliberate policy of the Hamas movement to avoid storing their first- and second-priority websites on American Internet service providers ¹⁰. preferring in most cases to use the services of East European (Russia and Ukraine) and East Asian (Malaysia and Singapore) companies. Such a policy is an indication of Hamas' cautiousness and the movement's desire to preserve the flexibility and survivability of its Internet infrastructure over a prolonged period of time ¹¹. In contrast, Hamas' third- and fourth-priority websites are serviced mostly by American companies, as it is probably Hamas' assessment that the damage inflicted upon the movement in case the websites should be shut down would not be significant.

12.

What follows are brief descriptions of the various websites, including listings of their respective Internet service providers.

¹ The marketing of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad's messages of terrorism—consult the Information Team's document dated August 2004.
² These websites are of varying levels of association and affiliation with Hamas.
³ “…used by the organization”, i.e. provide it with ISP services.
⁴ In our investigations on the identities of the Internet service providers, we have relied on the Haganah website (haganah.org.il)
and the whois.net website.
⁵ According to the Haganah website, these other websites include al-fateh.net, palestinegallery.com, fm-m.com and palestinianforum.net.
⁶ Ibid .
⁷ While the address is in Lebanon, the telephone number listed is located in the UAE. This is meant, most probably, to turn attention away from Lebanon to the UAE. It is possible that Nizar al-Hussein has an office in the UAE. Worth mentioning in this context is that one of the Internet service providers used by Palestine-info.com is a company based in Dubai (see Appendix A).
⁸ The languages chosen by Hamas may indicate the importance of target audiences in those countries.
⁹ There is an additional website run by the student movement that has not been updated in nearly two years: http://www.khayma.com/majles.
¹⁰ As opposed to the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, whose websites are serviced primarily by American companies.
¹¹ Thus, for example, on October 24, 2004, the manager of the Hamas message board (Hamas' official message board, see Appendix O) announced that the Russian government ordered the immediate shutdown of the server. The manager added that “we are constantly on the lookout for other providers in different locations.”

The primary group of websites (first priority)

Appendix A

Website: http://www.palestine-info.com
(“The Palestinian Information Center”)

Main page

Website description: This is the Hamas movement's official website. The website was founded on November 1, 1998 and began its continuous activity in March 1999. The website is a news portal that contains information on the Hamas movement and its history, official announcements issued by the movement, interviews with the movement's seniors, incitement against Israel, encouragement of terrorism against Israel, praise of terrorists, and articles published by the organization. The website has secondary websites in Arabic, English, French, Russian, Malay, Urdu and Farsi (see below).

IP (Internet Protocol ¹²) address: 62.149.0.195

3.	The ISP (Internet Service Provider): A Ukrainian company. Its address follows: Colocall Ltd Turgenevskaya, 52-58 Kiev Ukraine Tel: +380 44 4617988 Fax: +380 44 4617988 noc@colocall.net

The website is registered in Beirut.

The website has two additional web addresses , each with its own IP address and Internet service provider:

Website: http://www.palestine-info.info

IP address: 213.42.17.48

Internet service provider—a company based in Dubai:

Emirates Telecommunications Corporation
P.O. Box 1150
Dubai, UAE
Tel: +971 4 2025510
Fax: +971 4 2948300
abuse@emirates.net.ae

Website: http://www.palestine-info.net

IP address: 202.71.103.142

Internet service provider—a Malaysian company:

Telekom Multimedia of Telekom Malaysia Berhad
Telekom Exchange II, Jalan Lingkaran Fauna
6300 Cyberjaya, Selangor
MALAYSIA, MY

It is our belief that due to the significance of the website, Hamas has chosen to host it on three addresses, each with its own Internet service provider, each located in a different country— countries which, in Hamas' assessment, are less vulnerable to American pressure.

¹² IP is the most common protocol used for the quick and effective transfer of data over computer networks, including the Internet. The IP addresses are used to identify computers or components on the network that use the IP protocol. Therefore, each component is assigned its own unique address.

Appendix B

Website: http://www.palestine-info.co.uk

Main page

Website description: Hamas' official website in the English language. The website contains most of the materials that appear on its Arabic version.

IP address: 66.36.240.248

3.	Internet service provider ¹³—an American company: HopOne Internet Corporation 1010 Wisconsin Avenue N.W. Washington DC 20007 US Tel: +1.2023180530 Fax: +1.2023180530

The website is registered in Qatar.

¹³ According to the Haganah website only.

Appendix C

Website: http://www.palestine-info.cc

Main page

Website description: Hamas' official website in the French language.

IP address: 217.16.25.236 ¹⁴

3.	Internet service provider—a Russian company: Rusonyx. Hosting Service Provider P.O. Box 507 Moscow, Russia, 125057 RU Tel: +7 095 968 70 68 Tel: +7 095 728 87 79 Fax: +7 095 155 36 12 noc@rusonyx.net

The website is registered in Beirut.

¹⁴ This site has an additional IP address: 84.252.138.236, according to the Haganah website, as at November 7, 2004.

Appendix D

Website: http://www.palestine-info.ru ¹⁵

Main page

Website description: Hamas' official website in the Russian language.

IP address: 62.205.179.59

3.	Internet service provider—a Russian company: CORBINA TELECOM Internet Network Operations Ryazanskii pr. 30/15 Moscow Russia, 109428 Tel: +7 095 728 4000 Fax: +7 095 728 4001 noc@corbina.net

¹⁵ As at October 31, 2004, according to the Haganah website.

Appendix E

Website: http://www.infopalestina.com

Main page

Website description: Hamas' official website in the Malay language.

IP address: 203.130.232.190

3.	Internet service provider—an Indonesian company: TELKOMNET TELKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA

The website is registered in Jakarta.

Appendix F

Website: http://www.palestine-info-urdu.com

Main page

Website description: Hamas' official website in the Urdu language.

IP address: 64.149.0.195

3.	Internet service provider—a Ukrainian company: Colocall Ltd Turgenevskaya, 52-58 Kiev Ukraine Tel: +380 44 4617988 Fax: +380 44 4617988 noc@colocall.net

The website is registered in New Delhi.

Appendix G

Website: http://www.palestine-persian.info

Main page

Website description: Hamas' official website in Farsi.

IP address: 195.161.118.181

3.	Internet service provider—a Russian company: AVAGA Software Ltd Network Pervomayskaya, 1 141700, Dolgoprudniy Russia Tel: +7 095 4081172 vladp@avaga.com

The second priority group of websites

Appendix H

Website: http://www.alqassam.info ¹⁶

Main page

Website description: The official website of the Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades, Hamas' operative-terrorist wing. The Hamas movement uses this site to distribute video clips (including the last wills of suicide bombers), displays of new weaponry, and claims of responsibility for terrorist attacks. The website contains statements issued by the organization, information on the organization's activities, information on periodicals and books published by the organization, encouragement of terrorism against Israel, as well as praise of suicide bombers. The website is updated online.

IP address: 202.71.104.198

3.	Internet service provider—a Malaysian company: EASTGATE Telecom Multimedia of Telecom Malaysia Berhad Telecom Exchange II, Jalan Lingkaran Fauna 63000 Cyberjaya, Selagor Malaysia Tel: +630 83180322 Fax: +630 83188061 M_ghaza@tm.net.my

The website is registered in Malaysia.

¹⁶ Up until July 21, 2004, the website operated at http://alqassam.net.

Appendix I

Website: http://www.hamasonline.com

Main page

Website description: An English-language website associated with Hamas, aimed at target audiences worldwide. The website contains up-to-date publications on current events, encouragement of terrorism against Israel and praise of suicide bombers, and a gallery of posters and photographs. The website is updated online.

IP address: 212.118.243.114

Internet service provider—a British company:

InterNAP Network Services U.K. Limited
10 Frith Street
London
W1D 3JF
UK
Tel: +44 20 7296 2000
Tel: +1 206 256 9500
Fax: +1 206 264 1833
noc@internaf.com

Host server ¹⁷—a Dutch company:

357Hosting
Nieuwegein, Utrecht 3430 AR
NL [NETHERLAND]

The website has an additional address at http://www.hamasonline.org. This website has a different IP address (67.15.82.156) and a different Internet service provider ¹⁸—an American company:

Everyones Internet, Inc.
2600 Southeast freeway
Houston
TX, US

¹⁷ The location of the server.
¹⁸ This address is hosted by the same server as the Dutch company 357Hosting in Utrecht (see paragraph 4).

Official publications (third priority)

Appendix J

Website: http://www.fm-m.com

Main page

Website description: The official website of the Hamas' Filastin al-Muslimah, a monthly periodical distributed from London. The periodical covers Hamas' activities and its views, encourages terrorism against Israel and praises suicide bombers.

IP address: 69.93.62.154

3.	Internet service provider—an American company: ThePlanet.com Internet Services, Inc. 1333 North Stemmons Freeway Dallas TX, US

Appendix K

Website: http://www.aqsavoice.net¹⁹

Main page

Website description: The website of Al-Aqsa Voice, a radio station associated with Hamas. It broadcasts from Gaza on 106.7 FM. The website is currently in the process of reconstruction after an Israeli Air Force attack on the station's offices. The website operates an active message board.

IP address: 63.208.120.199

3.	Internet service provider ²⁰—an American company: Co-Location.com Inc. Beverly Hills CA, US

The website is registered in Gaza.

¹⁹ The website has an additional address: http://www.aqsavoice.com.
²⁰ According to the Haganah website, Co-Location is a client company of the Level3 company.

Appendix L

Website: http://www.al-fateh.net

Main page

Website description: The website of Al-Fateh, a children's magazine associated with Hamas. Since the publication of the first issue in September 2002, 38 issues in all have been published. Illustrations and comic-style photographs adorning the magazine's pages make it appealing to children, its primary target audience. The magazine features stories of battles and heroic tales from the history of Islam, alongside descriptions of terrorist attacks perpetrated by Palestinian shahids.

IP address: 213.234.216.82

3.	Internet service provider—a Russian company: CORBINA TELECOM Internet Network Operations Ryazanskii pr. 30/15 Moscow Russia, 109428 Tel: +7 095 728 4000 Fax: +7 095 728 4001 noc@corbina.net

The website is registered in Beirut.

Education to terrorism: Indoctrination with terrorist-supportive messages
in the Al-Fateh children's magazine

Following is an article that appeared in the magazine and on the magazine's website. It is titled “Last will and testament of a shahid, the last will of the martyr Sa'id Hasan al-Houtari… who carried out the act of suicide in Tel-Aviv that led to the deaths of more than 21 Zionists and one hundred and fifty wounded” (the terrorist attack in question is one of the most murderous suicide bombing attacks perpetrated by Palestinian terrorists—a suicide bombing attack at a teenagers' club near Tel-Aviv's Dolphinarium in which 21 Israeli civilians, mostly teenagers, were killed). The magazine article praises the suicide bomber, turns him into a role model for the children and preaches to carry out additional suicide bombing attacks, based on verses from the Quran ²¹.

²¹ For an analysis of messages of hatred and terrorism in the Al-Fateh magazine, see the information bulletin dated October 2004.

Appendix M

Website: http://www.alresalah.org

Main page

Website description: The website of Al-Resalah, a weekly periodical published in Gaza on behalf of the Hamas-associated Islamic Salvation Party. The website contains research articles, background information and publications, primarily targeted against the Palestinian Authority. It is defined as an experimental website.

IP address: 64.49.252.91

3.	Internet service provider—an American company: Rackspace.com San Antonio TX, US

Appendix N

Website: http://www.palestinegallery.com

Main page

Website description: An official Hamas website. The website contains video clips, slideshows and images depicting the jihad against Israel.

IP address: 69.94.14.153

3.	Internet service provider—an American company: OLM LLC 4 Trefoil Drive Trumbull CT, US

Additional websites (fourth priority)

Appendix O

Website: http://www.palestinianforum.net

Main page

Website description: Hamas' official message board website. It is accessible through a hyperlink on Hamas' main website (www.palestine-info.com). The website contains four discussion boards on politics, culture and history, Islamic religious law, and art. The boards are used by the movement's activists and supporters to express their opinions.

IP address: 195.42.183.35

3.	Internet service provider—a Russian company: DataForce 3 rd Samotechny per. , 11 103473 Moscow, Russia Tel: +7 095 7375667 Fax: +7 095 7373246 info@dataforce.net

The website is registered in Beirut.

Note: On October 24, 2004, a person known as “Tareq”, listed as the general manager of the message board, announced that the website had been shut down. The reason, as he put it, was “an official demand made by the Russian government to the provider to shut down the server immediately.” He added, “Having no other choice, the provider obviously complied with the request. Well, that's what happened and we are constantly on the lookout for other providers in different locations”.

Appendix P

Website: http://www.rantisi.net

Main page

Website description: A website dedicated to former Hamas leader Abd al-Aziz al-Rantisi. The website describes Rantisi's worldview, preaching to jihad (holy war) against Israel.

IP address: 202.157.185.246

3.	Internet service provider—a Singaporean company: WEBVISION Pte Ltd 75 Science Park Drive #02-06/08 Cintech II Singapore Science Park I Singapore 118255 SG Tel: +65 6773 9492 Fax: +65 6773 9389 indra@webvision.com

The website is registered in Gaza.

Appendix Q

Website: http://www.sabiroon.com

Main page

Website description: A website associated with the Hamas movement. The website contains coverage of the Palestinian Authority's activities, encouragement of terrorism against Israel, and publications by Hamas seniors and operatives, with special emphasis on Palestinian prisoners held in Israel.

IP address: 64.191.40.165

3.	Internet service provider—an American company: Network Operation Center Inc. (NOC) P.O. Box 591 Scranton PA, US

Appendix R

Website: http://www.alkotla.net (Al-Kutla al-Islamiyya)

Main page

Website description: The website of the Islamic Bloc, Hamas' student wing. The website encourages anti-Israeli terrorism and praises suicide bombers.

IP address: 63.208.120.214

3.	Internet service provider—an American company: C0-Location Inc. 333 S. Beverly Drive Suite 204 Beverly Hills CA, US

Appendix S

Website: http://www.islamic-block.org

Main page

Website description: The website of the Hamas-associated student movement of the Al-Najah University. The website documents the activities of the students association, encouraging the armed struggle and suicide bombing attacks against Israel.

IP address: 69.56.141.248

3.	Internet service provider—an American company ²²: ThePlanet.com Internet Services, Inc. 1333 North Stemmons Freeway Dallas TX, US

The website is registered in Nablus (where the University of Al-Najah is located).

²² Based only on the Haganah website, as at October 31, 2004.